242 PARASITISM OF CUSCUTA AND OROBANCHE 
suffulting, the inner one being abortive. See fig. 8, pl. 6l. a. 
axis. 
That this leaf obviously belongs to the axis, is evident 
from its examination in its younger stages of development, 
and sometimes three branches form one axil. 
'The branch as it becomes larger, very frequently twines 
round the axis, and throws out the ordinary form of suckers, 
by which it appears to adhere in the same manner. On 
detaching one of these, oblong slits remain visible on the axis, 
the suckers present the appearance of a white cellular looking 
depression, with a prominence along its centre corresponding 
exactly to the slit in the axis, but this prominence, on wither- 
ing, assumes the appearance of a cavity. The branch is 
furrowed or streaked on one side, these strize appear to origi- 
nate from the axille. Do the suckers originate from these, 
or are they due to the pressure and twisting? they do not 
exist in the very young branches. 
The anatomy of the stem. 'Towards the centre it is ex- 
tensively (in comparison) cellular, around this cellular part is 
the ligneous system; this seems to consist of tubes or fibres 
like the external ones, but to a much greater extent. 
Between this and the cuticle is another extensive cellular 
formation, towards the centre of which is a system of cylin- 
drical fibres, containing air in sections, these fibres become 
approximated to the cutis afterwards. The cutis is thick and 
tough, there is no separation of parts. 
The suckers adhere to every part of the willow with which. 
they come in contact : generally, however; they are found , 
sticking to the stem. 
On the woody branches the adhesion is continuous, and 
the stem of the Dodder appears conspicuously margined 
on both sides. No bourrelet is formed on the willow 
branch. 
The examination of the nature of the adhesions is rendered 
difficult by the short turns of the spires, and the consequent 
one at a degree of obliquity of the longitudinal axis of the 
parasite, with that of the willow. 
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