APPENDIX. 99 
BERBERIS is obtained an extract called Jbrdén; this is a yellow dye, 
which is also employed in medicine as a local application to 
inflamed eyes.” 
Podophyllum emodi. 
We have met with the root in the plains in the possession of a 
pilgrim from Kedernath. He called it Mémirdn, and greatly valued 
it as a remedy for ophthalmia, his small stock of four or five roots 
was carefully wrapped in several covers of silk. 
Analysis of the Resin of Podophyllum emodi. 
Ash vee va oe -o»: None, 
Risctacs *e eee ee 
Oily and waxy ‘matter ‘soluble’ in bonsin at << oe 
Podophyllotoxic acid ... ‘ a i4 
Podophyllotoxin, active sieinekgls oe 96°55 
Inert matter insoluble in chloroform and soluble in 
aleconol “es w. 22°15 
See oer eee 
106°0 
The percentage of active principle, podophyllotoxin, in this 
sample is fully 25 per cent. higher than the average amount found in 
resin of podophyllum, which varies from 40 to 45 per cent, Ameri- 
can podophyllum yields, on a large manufacturing scale, 5 per cent. 
of podophyllin, and accepting 10 per cent. as a practical average 
from the Indian, we should have a drug worth 25 times in value. 
(By F. A, Thompson, Ph. G., Am. Journ. Pharm., May, 1890.) 
Podophyllotoxin. 
This substance, which was first shown to be the active principle of 
Podophyllin by Podwissotzki, has now been obtained in a pure state 
by Neuberger (Arch, f, exp. Path. u. Pharm., xxviii., H. 1, 1890); it 
forms colourless prismatic crystals, little soluble in water, but 
freely soluble in alcohol, forming an intensely bitter solution. Frogs 
were not easily affected by it, and it required a dose of 0-01 gram 
administered in mucilage to produce a muscular rigidity which was 
followed by death in three days; a congested state of the intestinal 
vessels was observed in some cases. It appeared to have little or no 
