118 APPENDIX, 
a reddish-yellow colour, non-crystalline, and frothing considerably 
with water. In warm water it dissolved, forming a clear solution, 
which became turbid on cooling. Anattempt was made to decolourise 
the aqueous solution by agitation with purified animal charcoal, 
but very little colouring matter was thus removed. As neutral salts, 
as NaCl, MgSO*, gave a white curdy precipitate from the aqueous 
solution of the extract, an attempt was made to separate the 
saponin-like principle by saturating the watery solution with 
MgSO’; it was found, however, that the flocks agglutinated together, 
forming a sticky mass, and filtration was impossible, Baryta water 
was next used for separating the principle. With this object the 
amylic alcohol extract was dissolved in water and excess of aqueous 
barium hydrate added. The turbid mixture was then filtered (filtrate 
A), the precipitate was washed with baryta water and transferred to 
a beaker, water added, and CO? passed for a considerable time. The 
turbid mixture was then evaporated to dryness on a water-bath, 
was evaporated to dryness, and left a scaly, friable, shining residue, 
which afforded the following reactions:—With concentrated H?SO* 
a yellow coloration, changing”to red. Concentrated HNO*, yellow. 
In concentrated HCl it dissolved freely, forming a faint pinkish 
coloured solution, the colour deepening on the application of heat, and 
a few flocks separating. In strong acetic acid it was also readily 
soluble, forming a colourless solution, no change being induced by the 
subsequent addition of potassic dichromate. When heated with 
aqueous phosphoric acid it did not yield a clear solution, no colour 
developed, and no odour, With aqueous ammonia it was sparingly 
soluble; no precipitate with acetic acid; the ammoniacal solution 
frothed on agitation. Boiled with dilute HCl, it afforded a solution 
which reduced alkaline copper. The amount of principle precipitated 
by baryta was small, and though this principle afforded some of the 
reactions of saponin, it seemed probable that the greater part was 
still present in the filtrate, 
A fresh portion of the original amylic alcohol extract was 
dissolved in water, and treated with lead acetate, which afforded a 
white curdy precipitate, after separation of lead by H*S, yielded 
extracts which frothed strongly on agitation with water, and gave 
some of the reactions of saponin. The amount of extractive yielded 
was, however, small, and it appeared to us that probably both the 
