APPENDIX. 179 
analogous to alkanet red. By subsequent treatment with alcohol an 
alkaloid was obtained which the authors term cynoglossine, It is 
hygroscopic, combines with acids, forming uncrystallizable salts 
which are decomposed at 100° C. The base was also found in the 
seeds, but not in the leaves or stalks, Cynoglossine has a toxic 
action; injected hypodermically 0-001 to 0°002 gram caused violent 
convulsive movements in a frog, followed by death after several 
hours. 0-050 gram repeated several times caused nausea and vomit- 
ing in a pigeon and death without convulsions. Ina rabbit weighing 
$500 kgs. a dose of about one gram produced narcotismand convulsive 
movements. (Pharm. Post, xxv., I.) 
We have received from Afghanistan, under the names of Gaozaban 
and Gul-i-gaozaban, the leaves and flowers of Trichodesma molle, 
DC.; and Aitchison (Notes on Prod. of W. Afghanistan and N.-E 
Persia, p. 12) records the collection of the corollas of Anchusa 
ttalica, Retz., to be employed as Gul-t-gaozaban. 
SOLANACEZE, 
Lycopersicum esculentum, Miller. 
The tomato fruit has been chemically examined by G. Briosi and 
T. Gigli. On an average the fresh fruit contains: Seeds 10:9 per 
cent., pulp 85:4 per cent., and skin 3-7 per cent. The pulp can be 
separated into a yellow juice and ared .residue, which is tasteless 
after washing ; the juice on an average has the specific gravity 
1:0217, and contains levalose, citric acid (0°4 to 0°65 per cent. of 
the juice), albuminoids, and ash which is composed of 60 per cent. 
potassium salts. Minute traces of alkaloid are indicated; tartaric 
acid could not be detected. The red residue ee ora its colouring 
matter to ether, alcohol, chloroform, and aqueous alkalies. The 
alcoholic solution is not changed by ferric alilocide, dilute acids of 
lkalies ; on addition of strong nitric acid a transient blue colour is 
produced; the residue on evaporating the alcoholic solution becomes 
blue by adding sulphuric acid ; the colouring matter resembles that 
of saffron. (Chemiker Z/g., 1891, 205.) 
Mr. Frederick Davis has found that English-grown tomatoes sub- 
jected to distillation with water afford a volatile substance analogous 
to oil of onions or garlic. The crude oil obtained by disti 
sts Pi pounds consisted of oxide and sulphide of allyl 
