APPENDIX. 901 
his toddy than he could get from leaving it to brew without such ad- 
juncts. The analyses of the barks, with the exception of the Litszas, 
which contain laurotetanine, has revealed no principle of poisonous or 
intoxicating properties, therefore the idea of their ype communi- 
cating a potency to the spirit is not sufficiently established, and, 
besides, as the spirituous liquor is submitted to distillation afterwar 
any alkaloid, such as strychnine, would be left behind in the retort, 
Some of the barks are aromatic, and these most likely are used to 
flavour the resulting spirit, which would be the ease if the aroma 
resided in a volatile oil. It is probably a spirit of this kind that 
r, Ainslie refers to under the title of Puttaicharagum, or bark -spirit, 
an alcoholic liquor in which barks of various acacias are used in the 
manufacture, (D, H.) 
Formosa Camphor.* 
Formosa camphor is obtained from the Lawrus camphora, immense 
forests of which extend over most of the lower ranges of hills in the 
island, extending up the lower slopes of the mountains inhabited by 
the savage tribes. Many of these forests have not been touched, and 
the statement that the camphor supplies in South Formosa are 
becoming exhausted, applies only to those districts which are purely 
Chinese. The supply from other parts is practically inexhaustible. 
c 
the trees have been destroyed, partly for ‘os sake of the timber and 
camphor, and partly, no doubt, simply to clear the ground for 
cultivation. 
t has been often stated that the method of obtaining crude 
camphor in Formosa is by steeping the chopped branches in water, 
and boiling until the camphor begins to adhere to the stick used for 
stirring, when the liquor is strained, and by standing the camphor 
eoneretes. By this method it does not necessarily follow that the 
tree is destroyed; in fact, with a little care there is no need that it 
should be. But although this method may have been in use in 
former days, it certainly is not now. On the contrary, I am assured 
by several natives, engaged in the trade, whom I have questioned on 
the subject, that the yield of camphor from the branches is too s 
to repay the labour of extraction. 
* From a report by Mr. Consul Warren on the trade of Tainan, Formosa. : 2 He 
% Be ah 
