140 SPOLIA ZEYLANICA, 
A kalaha is a vessel open at both ends, and resembling a kala- 
gediya with an extended neck ; kalas are used for holding sprays 
of coconut flower on auspicious and ceremonial occasions (weddings, 
mangalya, &c.) a pair being placed on the two sides of the doorway. 
This is however a special use of the word kalaha (kalasa, kalaya) 
which is equivalent to Sanskrit kalasa or ghata, and generally 
applicable to vessels with only one opening, especially those of kala- 
gediya type. 
A particularly interesting piece of earthenware is the bummediya 
(which may be translated “ bullfrog’’). This is a vessel open at 
both ends like a kalaha, but the difference of diameter between the 
two ends is greater; there is a large belly as in a kalagediya ; the 
large end is covered with a talagoyd skin (attached with paste made 
from habaralissa, or from rice and plantain), and a strap is added 
for hanging over the shoulder. The drum so made is used at harvest 
times and for likeliya. 
Large vessels with lids, formerly used for holding cloths (garments), 
are called piliheliya and haluheliya (the latter if smaller) ; cloths 
were considered to keep well in earthen vessels, and to be better 
protected from the attacks of insects than if kept in wood 
boxes. 
Smaller vessels of the same general type, decorated with cobras, 
are used in Pattini Déwala to hold the halamba, and are called 
halambaheliya. Similar vessels without cobras are used for betel 
leaves and called bulatheliya or heppuwa. 
A curious variety of kotalaya is the ring-shaped walalu kotalaya : 
these have to be inverted and filled from underneath. The same 
arrangement is sometimes found in the case of a kotalaya of the 
ordinary form, then called yatura kotalaya. 
It is noteworthy that the Kclani money boxes are in the form 
of a mamma. Thisis a world-wide and very old form for a money 
box, the idea being the suggestion of abundance and plenty. It is, 
in fact, sympathetic magic. 
It should have been remarked that at Kelani the white material 
is rubbed into the incised lines after firing. This is different from 
slip painting, which whether red or white (which last I have not 
seen, but which is referred to in the verses) is done before firing. 
The different patterns used at Kelani have no special names. 
New pots are generally seasoned before use, by inverting over a 
small fire and so smokingthem, after which they do not communicate 
a raw taste to the water held in them. 
Besides the big patras used in vihara, smaller earthen alms- 
bowls are made, though the alms-bowls actually used: by priests 
