tlie simjlc hnon-innd, wliieli is almost similar to tliat used by tlic fislici-meii; but 

 it is reniarliiiblc tliat, altliough the Americuii exploriug vessel compared to au 

 English steam-trawler is a very large ship (234 Eug. feet loug and more tliau 

 1000 tous ol' deplacement), its trawl is only 11 feet wide (the l^eani 11 i'eet), 

 wliile the trawl-bearns of the Euglish trawls are as loug as 40 — r)0 feet. That 

 the trawl lor scientilic use must have somewhat smaller meshes, aud uiust be 

 calculated to be suuk to greater deptiis thau the fishermeu's trawl, caunot 

 (|uite explain tiie disproportiou of the size of the trawl to that of the siu}), at 

 any rate uot wheii the depths are not too imraeuse. The soft bottom-material, 

 certainly, may be gatliered in considerable (luautities in a trawl with 

 small meshes, aud thus make it heavy; but this difficulty might be overcome. 

 I cannot quite understand wliy the large vessels which have carried ou scientific 

 investigations in tlie seas, at piaces where they are able to Hsh, have not nsed 

 trawls at Jeast of tiie same size as those nsed hy the lishermeu. It must not 

 be iraagined that sueh trawls would not catch any other aniraals than tlie 

 smal! trawls. All zoologi.sts would lie most anxions, certaiuly, to sec a drauglit 

 ol tisii |iy large trawl mi doep water; and they believe, all of them, that tlie large 

 and (]uick animals, Hsh as well as cuttlefish aud large erustacea, uiako tjieir 

 esca])C as soon as they leel the proximity of tlie ordinary, small fishing-aiiparatus. 

 \\e nmst go on, therefore, iu this directiou, and have larger fishmg-gear; and I 

 should tiiiuk that the leader of the next deep-sea expedition would do well in going 

 onboard a modern North-Sea trawler and study her method of fishing,/oy in recent 

 years n change has talcenplace liere in the constrtiction of the gear, tvhicJi will certainly 

 Jic iiseful also to science. — What all deep-sea expeditions have been afraid of 

 is, I dåre sav, the large trawl-heams, which it is no easy matter to manænvre 

 iu a heavy sea, or iu vessels' that are not especially built for tliem; but now 

 lately, in the conrse of these 3 or 4 years, the fishermau has just learut to 

 do without the beams, aud yet he eau tisli better than before. His trawl lias 

 Udw an ojieniug of 80 — 90 feet, wliile it was formerly 40 — 50, and at the 

 same time his gear is cheaper, it is easier to use, and it fishes better tliau 

 before. The beam is done away with, and two slanting wooden otter-lioarch 

 mounted with tron on the nether part, stretch out the trawl tchile sailing, so that 

 ■its opening can be made as large as you ivant it: and yet the gear will not be 

 nuicli more dificidt to manage aiore the troter. — This is the new so-called 

 »Patent Beamless Trawling dear' or i>Ottei--Trairl«. AVitli re.spect to this 

 gear the Danish Fisheries Agent in Englaud says in his report, 1895, 

 as follows: «This year a great revolution has taken place iu tiie English trawl- 

 fishing. The beam-trawl has been rej^laced by a so-called otter-trawl. A Dåne, 



