6 SPOLIA ZBEYLANICA. 
First, as regards the likeness between model and mimic in either 
case. As seen pinned out in a cabinet the resemblance between 
P. aristolochic and the aristolochize form of P. polytes is, as far as 
general wing pattern goes, remarkably close, especially for the fore 
wings. Yet one cannot help feeling that one has to do with a 
different insect, and J think this is because of the difference in 
quality of the white patch on the hind wing. This patch is rather 
smoky in P. aristolochie, whereas in the polytes mimic it has a cleaner 
and brighter look. The other point of marked difference lies in the 
colour of the body, which, except for a dark stripe dorsally, is of a 
bright vermilion colour in P. aristolochie. This feature is not so 
well shown as it might be on the plate, owing to the fact that the 
body of the specimen had been laterally compressed in the paper to 
which it was transferred when caught. In the living insect, with its 
wings spread out at rest, the scarlet body is a most noticeable feature 
and at once arrests attention. In the aristolochie form of P. 
polytes, as the plate shows, the body is uniformly black, and this 
gives the resting insect quite a different appearance when its wings 
are expanded. In the absence of the bright vermilion colour, it 
lacks for the human observer the dangerous look of P. aristolochie. 
The resemblance between P. hector and the hector form of P. 
polytes is not so striking as in the preceding case. The markings on 
the fore wings are remarkably similar, but the general ground colour, 
except in worn specimens, has a somewhat different appearance in 
the two species. In P. hector it is deeper in shade and has a distinct 
steely sheen, which is entirely wanting in P. polytes. In the hind 
wings there is a very distinct difference in the quality of the red. 
In P. hector it is a bright rich scarlet, while in P. polytes the red is 
much pinker, and its effect is further softened by a sparse powdering 
of blue scales. Perhaps the impressions which these two insects 
convey may be expressed by saying that the red of P. hector looks as 
ifit had been got by an aniline dye, while that of P. polytes appears 
to have been put on with a more delicate water-colour. But in this 
case again, as in the preceding, it is the brilliant scarlet head and 
body of P. hector which at once makes it apparent that one has to 
do with a different insect. This feature immediately strikes the 
observer and, when the insects are at rest, makes it impossible to 
mistake P. hector even at a distance of several yards. 
The insects, however, may be at rest with closed wings, and I have 
therefore represented in figs. 1 A-6 A the under surfaces of the hind 
wings of the ‘same specimens used in figs. 1-6. A comparison of 
fig. 3 A with fig. 5 A at once brings out the great difference in the 
quality of the red in the two cases. The suggestion of aniline dye 
in P. aristolochie is very marked, and the striking difference in 
quality in model and mimic is even more marked in the actual — 
insect than it appears to be on the plate. In P. hector (fig. 6 A) 
