SYNGNATHIDS FROM CEYLON. 31 
From U. guntheri, mihi (W. Australia), with similar numbers of 
rings, distinct through the absence of cutaneous appendages, the 
greater length of D, and the shorter opercular keel. 
Distribution.—Ceylon. 
Col. Mus.: 1 6, 1 ¥, from Marichchukkaddi aie in 24 fathoms, 
in tow-net. (T. Southwell.) 
Syngnathus, L. 
Brood organ of male subcaudal, generally with lateral protective 
plates, always with broad longitudinal cutaneous folds, converging 
and coalescent during the breeding period. Upper lateral edges of 
trunk and tail discontinuous ; lower lateral edges of trunk and tail 
continuous ; middle lateral edges of trunk subcontinuous with upper 
or with lower edges of tail. 
8. Syngnathus spicifer, Rupp. ; var. djarong, Bleek. 
Distribution.—Madagascar, India, Ceylon, Borneo, Java, Philip- 
pines, New Guinea. 
Hbg. Mus. 11,561: 3 é¢ from Opatha-ela, near Wakwella 
(Duncker). 
Hbg. Mus. 11,562: 11 66, 16 99, 21 juv. from Mahaweli-ganga, 
below Thalanai estate, near Trincomalee (Duncker). 
Sinhalese.—Kta theliya (Wakwella). 
Among the forms united by Giinther under the name of Syngnathus 
spicifer there are at least three to be distinguished, two of which 
may be considered salt and fresh water varieties of the same species, 
while the third one represents a separate species. They are :— 
(a) Syngnathus spicifer, Riipp. ; var. gastrotznia, Bleek. 
Syngnathus spicifer, Ripp.—Kaup, 1856, p. 36 partim ; 
Duméril, 1870, p. 546 part ; Gimther, 1870, p. 172 
part ; Day, 1878, p. 662 part, and Pl. 174, fig. 1 ; 
Day, 1889, p. 462 part ; Peters, 1869, p. 276. 
Syngnathus gastrotaenia, Bleeker, 1853, p. 22. 
Syngnathus Kummii, Bleeker ; Duméril, 1870, p. 548 ; 
Ginther, 1870, p. 172. 
Salt and brackish water. 
(6) Syngnathus spicifer, Ripp.; var. djarong, Bleek. 
Syngnathus spicifer, Riipp. Synonyms see above, except 
Day ais7o, Ph 174) fio. 1: 
Syngnathus djarong, Bleeker, 1853, p. 22; Dumeéril, 
1870, p. 545. 
? Syngnathus Helfrichii, Bleeker ; Duméril, 1870, p. 547. 
Syngnathus spicifer, Riipp.; var. rivalis, Peters, 1869, 
p. 276. 
Brackish and fresh water, 
