234 



ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



the north pole at the top, was derived from Ptolemy. Tanais^will be- 

 seen at the top and Kilus at the bottom. Troy and Jerusalem occupy 

 the centre. The Mediterranean sea is the radius. The great ocean sur- 

 rounds the world. 



Fig. 19.— From a Codex of the Eleventh century. 



The next map (fig. 20) is from a Codex at Paris of the twelfth or 

 thirteenth century. The flumen Tanais is seen marking off the whole of 



IG. 20.— This map must be turned upside down to get the north on top. 



