346 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



France, of about 1560, given in Mûller's Atlas. Indeed, in general, it 

 may be said that the Italian maps of the middle and latter part of 

 the sixteenth century are of this combined Gastaldi-Cartier-narrative 

 sort. In this combination we have the solution of the puzzle of these 

 maps, which has so perplexed cartographers.^ 



Probably this type disappeared in Italy as soon as Cartier's maps or 

 copies from them became accessible there. 



Aberrent in another way are the maps of Allefonsce, companion and 

 pilot of Cartier and Eoberval. His sketches of the gulf are made entirely 

 independently of any other maps, and though of some interest in the 

 general cartography of the gulf, are of no importance to our present 

 inquiry. 



So far in this period we have traced the cartography of the Cxulf of 

 St. Lawrence coast only ; we must noAV tui'n to the Bay of Fundy. The 

 cartography of these two coasts in this period, as subsequently, was 

 largely independent of one another. This part of our subject is, how- 

 ever, brief. At the opening of the period, as we have seen, the map of 

 Ribero was the type followed by most maps for this region. This, 

 though with many minor alterations of the coast line, and with many 

 and often great corruptions of the names, some new ones added and old 

 ones dropped, continued to be followed through the entire series men- 

 tioned above, and indeed throughout the period; and no new tj'pe was 

 introduced until the time of Champlain. It is possible that a minute 

 comparative tabulation of the names on the numerous maps in this 

 region would give results of interest, though this is more likely to be of 

 philological, than of historic, value, and it is quite foreign to our present 

 purpose.'^ All through these maps the Bay of Fundy is wanting, as in 

 Ribero, and it is only towards the close of the century that it puts in a 

 hesitating and almost uncertain appearance. On the Mercator map of 

 1569. however, the coast is given a contour which suggests a more accu- 

 rate knowledge of the form of Nova Scotia, but the bay is not shown. 



In this region, in most of the maps, a rio Hondo or Fondo is marked, 

 which on a map of about 1540-1550, given by Kohl (315, No. 2), and on 

 the Italian maps (see tig. 12) is a prominent locality, but it is not until a 

 map of 1594 * that we can clearly locate this river as the present Bay of 

 Fundy, and it is similarlj' given on de Bry, 1596. These map-makers 

 must have had accurate information upon the presence of the bay. AYliat 

 is probably the bay, though it is not certain, is shown even more plainly, 

 and tor the first time as a bay, though without name, on the Molineaux 



^ Winsor speaks of the puzzling character of these niap.s. America, IV., 93, 95. 



2 On Wytfiiet and some otlier maps occurs one name which may be connected 

 with New Brunswick, i.e., R. Seguido. This has been supposed by De Costa to be 

 possibly tlie St. John. Mag. Am. Hist. IX. 



•'In " Histoire de la Navigatione de Jean Hugues de Linscot." 



