364 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



Closely following this map came that of Franquelin of llJSU, made to 

 illustrate the voyage of M. Do Meulles of 1U8(j. (Fig. 26.) There is no 

 map in our whole history which is of greater interest than this. No 

 other up to that time had been made upon nearly so large a scale (about 

 ■8 miles to 1 inch), and hence none had allowed of so much detail, and the 

 great abundance and accuracy of the names make it a treasure to 

 the student of the origin of our place-nomenclature. Nearly all of the 

 many Indian names are easily recognizable by comparison with the 

 names used for those places by the Indians to-day, as I have shown fully 

 in my " Monograph of Place-Nomenclature." It is plain that the Uulf of 

 St. Lawrence coast is taken from Jumeau ; a few names are added, a few 

 omitted, the spelling of some misspelled on the copy of Jumeau is given 

 here correctly, but, in the main, topography and nomenclature are the 

 same. But the Bay of Fundy and all of the interior are new, and hap- 

 pily, we know in part, at least, their origin. In the year KiSG De Meulles, 

 the intendant, visited Acadia, and made a thorough inquiry into the con- 

 dition of the country. His account of his voyage is extant, but I have 

 not been able to see it, and I do not know how much of the topography 

 of this ma]) was laid down as a result of a personal visit from him ; how 

 much from explorations made b}" Franquelin, the engineer who drew the 

 map ; how much was obtained from traders and missionaries, and how 

 much from the Indians. The great abundance and accuracy of the Indian 

 names show that these, at least, could have been obtained only from the 

 Indians themselves. On the Bay of Fundy some of the names (whose 

 fate may be followed in my " Monograph ") have disappeared, but the 

 following, which have persisted, appear for the first time on this map : 

 ha ha ', aragé (Enragé), Ariquaki (Quaco), Michepasque (Mispec), 

 Menagoniche. (Meogenes, or Mahogany), inicheoarcors (perhaps Mus- 

 quash), Napraux (Lepreau). But in the interior everything is new, and 

 all of the names along the St. John, Indian and French, excepting only 

 Medaooascd\ Ramouctou (Oromocto), and Canibéquéchiche (Kenebecasis) 

 freneasse, né.repisse (Ncrepis), are new ; and the same is true of the abund- 

 ance of Indian names on the other rivers. One of the most defective 

 parts of the map is the region about the head of the Bay of Fundy, which 

 is very poorly given. The course of the Miramichi is shown with the 



reçue la croix diuinenient du ciel longteins auant l'arriuée des françois ence pay.s. 

 faite par Le R. père Etnmanuel jumeau recollect missionaire en Canada. 4 oct. 1685. 



I think there can be no connection between the P. S. Croce of the Italian maps 

 and the name St. Croix, applied to Miramichi ; it is, doubtless, a mere coincidence. 

 On this name applied to the Miramichi, see Shea's translation of LeClercq's " Estab- 

 lishment of the Faith," and Dionne, Jacques Cartier, 234. 



1 Now a lake in Albert, partially traced in my Monop;raph. 



-The symbol 8 was used by the French for the sound expressed by oo in moon. 

 It was chosen because the sound they wished to express is well rendered by the 

 initial sound of huit. 



