374 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



drags with it the neyoott (ïobique) of Franquclin, which, in turn, takes 

 along the Miramichi and Nepisiguit, with which it headed. Thus these 

 rivers are carried both too far west and too far north, and hence have forced 

 the Eestigoviche still farther north. What a distortion thereby is produced 

 will become plain on comparing this map with the modern one. (Fig. 31 

 and Fig. 1.) This error in these three rivers ])ersisted on printed maps 

 until near or into the present century- ! Indeed, I do not know a printed 

 map before that of Purdy of 1814. which has not the Eestigouche thus 

 out of position. On Bellin Lac Medaousta [oi' course, Temiscouata) 

 heads jiroperly with the Trois Pistoles ; west of it comes the St. Francis 

 heading with the E. du Loup, but here is a new ei-ror, for the St. Francis 

 falls into a large lake called Ourangabena. The shape of this lake sug- 

 gests at once that it was confounded with Temiscouata, which, I think, 

 is the case, but the name Ourangabena J have been unable to trace except 

 to a possible origin in an old Indian name for Eaker brook, below St. 

 Francis.' This Temiscouata-shape for the St. Fi-ancis likewise long pei*- 

 sisted. Indeed, Bellin is honoured by his errors, for thej^show how closely 

 all followed him^ and he was not supci-seded in this region until the 

 appearance of the modern maps based upon surveys. 



The success of Bellin's new map was immediate. It was followed by 

 D'Anville in his map of 1746 and by many others. In 1755 Le Sieur 

 J. B. B. D'Anville (a great French cartographer, 1697-1782,2) published 

 a fine map (Fig. 32), which, while in the main following Bellin, yet differs 

 in some particulars, for he has tried to correct Bellin by the use of other 

 authorities. Thus, upon the north shore, while in the main following 

 Bellin, there are many new names, Mldicho. Panscu/uet, Vieux Caichi, 

 MlnaqiKL B. dea 6. Bretons, Tenesrou.^ Happily, we can set these names 

 back one stage, for in the French Archives there is a fine map undated 

 and without author (Fig. 33) which, without any doubt, is the original of 

 this part of D'Anville. Perhaps it, like that of Jumeau, Avas the work of 

 a missionar}', but it is also possible that it was made by some officer, 

 possibly by Pierre Boishéltert, who was so active in this region from 

 1750-55. This map is the most accurate made of -any part of New 

 Brunswick up to that time. Chief reasons for considering it the original 

 of D'Anville are, its greater accuracy and its much greater scale. It 

 locates exactly the two curious names B. demi. 1)7' et on and amion caichi* 

 which, more or less altered, occur on later maps. The names mentioned 

 above as new on D'Anville, and several others, occur on it for the first 



1 See Monograph, 2011. 



- An important work upon liis life, wilh a list of his works, is " Xotice des 

 Ouvrages de M. D'Anville," Paris, 1S02, 120 pp. Svo. This shows a list of 211 maps 

 and 78 other publications. 



'■'■ All of these are explained in my Monogra))]i. 



■* On which see Moiiograpli, 223. In that work this map is (juoted as the Survey 

 map of 17Ô5. 



