380 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



possible from the French maps of the time. Along the North Shore 

 its topography ditters considerably from any other knuwn ma[>, and 

 while the names of Bellin are used as a basis, they are much altered and 

 frequently translated, and, at least one old name, Forth, is readopted 

 from Alexander, 1624, for whom the new name for Bay Chaleur, Sterling 

 Bay, was, no doubt, given. There is no reason to suppose that Green had 

 any new source of information in that region. The head of the Bay of 

 Fundy is clearly taken from Morris, 1749, and the entire Bay of Fundy 

 is of the Blackmore-Southack type. In the joining of the two St. Croix 

 rivers however, we find a feature resembling that we have spoken of in 

 D'Anville, and, doubtless, it is from that map. On the lower St. John, 

 however, this map is partially independent of the French maps of the 

 time, though not entirely, as the Medoktek and Shiaministi show. Happily 

 we know the source of this difference, for in his valuable "Explanation 

 for the New Map of Nvaa Scotia, etc.," the author tells us that the river 

 was surveyed in 1G97 as fiir as Fort Nashwaak. and a plan made, it 

 was supposed by Captain Southack, on a scale of one league to an 

 inch-one-eighth. This plan, now lost. Green has, of course, U!?ed, and in 

 most respects in this part he is much more accurate than any of the French 

 maps. The Euined Fort is, of course, that at Nerepis, the French settle- 

 ment, is the Nid d'Aigle of Bellin, probably just above the mouth of the 

 Belleisle. Ougpauk (called, also, Aukpaque, etc.), was the Indian name 

 of the village at Springhill, above Fredericton. Above this point the map 

 ao-ain follows Bellin, except that Alexander's name, Clyde, is restored, as 

 is the name Wigudi, erroneously applied to the river by Champlain. The 

 name Spey is probably, also, a relic of Alexander's nomenclature. 



We may here notice a class of geographical documents of much value 

 to our cartography in the last century, those pamphlets prepared to 

 accompany the principal maps of the time, explaining the sources of 

 information, etc., and containing remarks of great importance to an 

 understanding of the relations of map-makers to one another, etc. Of 

 these, four of much importance are known to me. Green's " Remarks in 

 Support of The New Chart of North and South America," Green's " Ex- 

 planation " for his map of 1755, " Bellin's " Mémoire " on his maj) of 1755, 

 and D'Anville's " Mémoire " of 1756, the latter of which 1 have not seen. 

 Green's "Explanation" not only gives a list of maps up to his time with 

 much information about the makers, their sources of iuforniation, etc., 

 but many other facts, to some of which I have referred in these jxiges. 



The 1757 map by Bellin, "Carte du Cours du Fleuve de St. Laurent," 

 ^hile showing a part of New Brunswick, has nothing new, but his 1757 

 map of Acadie is remarkable for the large number of corrections in the 

 Bay of Fundy region. Not only is the head of the Bay of Fund}' shown 

 with much greater accuracy than on his previous maps but he adopts the 

 Southack type for Passamaquoddy and the D'Anville type ior the St. 



