402 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



had been surveyed to its head in 1831. New settlements are added, as 

 Canaan, Galloway, Tslj, Gear}^, Caverhill and some others, and a number 

 of new roads. In the map of Baillie and Kendall we have a copper- 

 plate map, ten miles to the inch, of great beauty of execution, in fact, 

 artistically, the best map of New Brunswick which has yet appeared. It 

 has all of the improvements of the smaller map, with some others. All 

 of the streams from Kestigouche to the Nepisiguit are shown with much 

 detail, and the Tobique, though still incorrect, is better than on the small 

 map, and the upper Miramichi is well drawn. The granted lands are all 

 marked, which gives the map a special historic value, and there is an 

 addition of much detail in different parts of the province. The grant to 

 the New Brunswick and Nova Scotia Land Company is marked for the 

 tirst time. 



There is a raajj of 1834 by the New Brunswick and Nova Scotia 

 Land (Company, which I have not seen. This companj^ organized in 

 1832, incorporated in 1835, bought a large tract of land in York county, 

 the bounds of which are still marked on the maps, and made settlements 

 upon it. bi\t the enterprise was unprofitable and was abandoned. This 

 attempt forms an interesting chapter in our geographical history, and is 

 one phase of a subject which I hope to discuss in a future memoir of this 

 scries, upon the physiographic and historic causes determining the geogra- 

 j)hical distribution of our settlements. 



The next map of importance that I know of is one of New Bruns- 

 wick and Nova Scotia by Wyld, undated, but of about 1841. In many 

 respects it resembles Bouchette, which it follows, but it has some new 

 information. Here, for the first time, the Tobique is given correctly', of 

 course fi'om the survey of it which had been made in 1838. New 

 roads appear, but in general it does not contain as much new matter as 

 was available. Thus the sui'vey of the Lepreau lake system bj" Mahood, 

 in 1837, is not noticed.' 



Next in our series is the map of 1842, bearing the name of John Simcoe 

 8aunders, Surveyor-General. While far inferior in execution to Baillie 

 and Kendall's, it nevertheless marks a distinct advance in the new infor- 

 mation it contains, particularly as to the new settlements. On it appears, 

 also, a range of hills running acro.ss the province from Mars Hill north- 

 eastward. This feature is taken from the map of 1839, made by 

 Featherstonhaugh and Mudge, two surveyors sent out in connection with 

 the boundary question, and it was published in the British Bluebook on 

 the Northeast Boundary. This map of Saunders, of course not made b}' 



1 In 1841 there appeared a map of Maine and New Brunswick l)j^ Greeuleaf, 

 which is of no value and far behind the times, but on it one notes three names 

 wliich, so far as I have observed, are confined to Maine maps, i.e., Wolumkuas 

 (Iroquois>, Olumkuas (Little Presquile) and^Menucook for a brook above Woodstock. 

 These are, also, on Cortin's map of the Public Lands of Maine, lSli.5, but I do not 

 know their origin. 



