404 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



development in the extension of roads, the building of railroads, forma- 

 tion of new settlements, and a general differentiation of the to^jography^ 

 all of which demonstrate New Brunswick's steady, even if not rapid,, 

 advance in settlement and communication, and her progress in wealth and 

 civilization. I need not further describe a map so accessible and so well- 

 known. Mr. Loggie is the present chief of the Crown Land office at 

 Fredericton, and unites great skill as a draughtsman, an exhaustive 

 knowledge of New Brunswick topography, and a care for the j)riceles& 

 records under his charge which keeps them in a state of order and acces- 

 sibility highly gratifying to all who have occasion to consult them. 



The only advance Avhich has been made since Loggie's map, is shown 

 upon some of the sheets of the Geological Survey of Canada, which^ 

 especially in the later ones, show more detail. This series consists or 

 fifteen sheets on a scale of four miles to the inch, issued between 1878 

 and 1893. and they show with the most complete topography that exist- 

 ing materials allow, the colouring representative of the geology of the- 

 province as determined by the officers of the Survey. In 1887 the Gov- 

 ernment began to reissue, with some additions and corrections, these 

 sheets with surface geology added, and so far ten of these have appeared. 

 These geological sheets, collectivel}^, form the most detailed maj) which 

 has yet appeared of the province, but not one that is readily accessible or 

 generally known. 



In thus tracing the series of principal maps, I have passed over man}' 

 of minor importance, which ai'e but compilations and represent no use of 

 original materials, as well as the many more or less crude maps made to 

 illustrate special government and railroad reports, the many maps of 

 special sections, and the postal and railroad maps. Of the former cate- 

 gory', I may here refer to Macmillan's map with several issues in diffeient 

 3'ears. Buck's map of 1874, and Mackinlay's map of the Maritime Pro- 

 vinces of 1885, the latter an excellent map with much detail, upon a scale 

 of eight miles to the inch. Then there are. of course, many school mai)s, 

 and others of all degrees of importance down to the most general maps- 

 of small areas, but it is not worth while to attempt to describe these in a 

 woi'k which, like the present, attempts not to exhaustively list all of our 

 maps, but rather to trace the steps in the progress of their development. 

 It will be necessary, however, to refer here to some important sectional 

 maps, but I shall confine my enumeration entirely to those which are 

 published, for any such enumeration of those in MS. in the Crown Land 

 office would necessitate well nigh a volume in itself. Of .some interest 

 is a Avell engraved map of the St. John, by Henderson, 1827, which, in 

 part, follows the old Peachey type. Of some value is a plan of the city 

 and harbour of St. John, by John Cunningham, of 1835, which one may 

 compare with the Admiralty chart of 1844. In 1832 a map was pub- 

 lished showing the Bay Verte canal routes, by Lieutenant J{^endall, which 



