[ganong] 



PEAT BOGS OF NEW BRUNSWICK 



133 



P. Todd, one at Little Lepreau, owned by Mr. Oscar Hanson, and one at 

 Seely's Cove, owned also by Mr. Todd. Of these the Lepreau bog is, on 

 the whole, the most perfect, though some single features are bettei- shown 

 by the othei"s. The principal bogs of this district are located by the 

 accompanying map. (J^ig- 1.) 



Eaised bogs occur elsewhere in the province, notably at Cavaquette, 

 Miscou, and near Richibucto,' but the descriptions show that in perfection 

 of development of the raised type none excel, even if any equal, those I 

 am describing, and certainly nowhere in the province do so many occur 

 in so limited an area, a fact amply explained by the unusually favourable 

 physical conditions. Professor Bailey tells me thej^ occur abundantly in 

 Nova Scotia, and Professor Shaler says he has seen fine ones on Anticosti ; 

 no doubt they are common in Newfoundland. I do not know positively 

 of the occurrence of good raised forms in the United States, though they 



Il«.>(Toa.i 

 • H-nUwa-li Rond. 



Fig. 1.— To show location of the prinxipal bogs studied. 



must be present. In Europe such bogs, called in German " Hochmoore," 

 occur in glaciated regions, particularly in the Alps, the South Bavarian 

 Plateau, North (xermany, Poland and Scandinavia, and have often been 

 ■described. 



2. The Flora of the Raised Bogs. 



In the flora of the raised bogs the Sphagna which compose them 

 are of course of first importance. Two distinct sets of these have been 

 identified by two of the most eminent specialists in this group. Three 

 years ago Mr. W. F. Todd collected in his bog at Spruce Lake specimens 

 of all of the mosses he could tind, and sent them to the late Professor D. 

 C.Eaton, of Yale University, who identified them as follows. I copy 

 the names from Professor Eaton's letter, dated New Haven, Conn., June 



1 The distribution of peat-bog.s in New Brunswick is clearly shown on the admir- 

 able maps of Mr. Robert Chalmers to illustrate the surface geology of New Bruns- 

 wick ; published by the Geological Survey of Canada. 



