102 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



ties are filled in with a deposit of greenish arkose or calcareous mar3 

 which in places has a thickness of a foot or more and which forms the 

 lowest part of the limestone series. There is here no trace of the sand- 

 stones or of the Calciferous dolomites. On the crest of the hill are 

 several outcrops of the granite around which the limestone has been 

 deposited, the strata dipping from it in every direction at angles of ten 

 to fifteen degrees, while elsewhere the limestone is in a nearly horizontal 

 attitude. 



The limestones extend west to Kingston Mills on the Rideau canal, 

 forming an escarpment north of the Cataraqui river. Near the Mills 

 which place is marked by a series of locks on the canal, the granite and 

 gneiss again appear, and the same contact of the limestone is here ob- 

 served as at Barriefield. On the line of the Grand Trunk railway, south 

 of the canal crossing, a heavy cutting has been made in the granite, 

 which is continued southward into the contact formation of arkose and 

 limestone for a hundred feet or more. Just at the contact with the 

 granite the shaly arkose contains an abundance of fossils, mostly small 

 orthoceratites of a species which are rarely elsewhere found in the rocks 

 of this area, resembling what has been described as Nanno, var. aulema. 

 These are closely packed together as if deposited on a shore by the 

 action of waves, which have forced the organisms against the granite 

 shore line. The marly arkose at this place has a thickness of four to 

 six feet and passes up into hard dolomitic limestones practically devoid 

 of fossils, as is the case with much of the lower portion of the limestone 

 formation of this area. The elevation of the railway in this cutting is 

 about 66 feet above the shore of Lake Ontario. In the lowest beds 

 of the limestone formation resting on the granite east of the locks at this 

 place a Leperditia, similar to that found on Howe island, also occurs 

 with other fossils of Black River age. 



Further west in the township of Camden East, orthoceratites 

 similar to those which occur in the cutting at Kingston Mills are found 

 in a similar green marly shale and arkose, resting on crystalline rocks. 

 These fossils apparently represent the lowest fossiliferous zone of the 

 limestone formation in the basin west of Kingston. 



Going northward along the line of the canal above the locks at 

 Kingston mills, after passing an area of granite and well bedded gneiss 

 and quartzite which' form a somewhat prominent feature along the 

 east side of the area of drowned lands above the locks, an area of Pots- 

 dam sandstone with conglomerates in the lower part comes to the 

 river. The sandstones are both reddish and gray in colour, the 

 former tint being due to the presence of disseminated red haematite. 

 The pebbles in the conglomerates are mostly of white quartz, and 



