[WATSON] FRANCIS BAIN, GEOLOGIST 139 



lected from the north side of Hillsborough Bay and from the south side 

 of lot 65. The sandstones and shales of this area are reddish and brown 

 in colour, and were formerly classed by Sir "William Dawson as of 

 Triassic age. The species obtained by Mr, Bain included among others 

 Calamités sucJcovii, C. gigas, Pecopteris arboresccns, P. rigida, Knorria, 

 and Wakhia gracilis, which were held to ally this part of the formation 

 more closely to the upper Carboniferous or Permian than to the Trias. 

 The thickness of the rocks of this division, as seen at Rice Point at the 

 south-west entrance of Hillsborough Bay, opposite St. Peters island, is 

 given as 1,241 feet, and Bain, clearly distinguished these rocks from 

 those found at New London on the north side of the island, which he 

 still supposed might be regarded as of Triassic age from the finding in 

 the strata of that place the remains of the curious fossil reptile which 

 was known as Bathygnathus horealis, and which was described by Profes- 

 sor Leidy, in 1854. (Pro. Acad. ISTat. Sci., Philadelphia.) 



In the Canadian Record of Science, vol. I., 1884-5, a second paper 

 was published in connection with somewhat detailed remarks by Sir 

 William Dawson. This paper was read at the May meeting of the Royal 

 Society of Canada, 1885, and was entitled " Notes on the Geology and 

 Fossil flora of Prince Edward Island.'^ 



In this paper Bain arranged the rocks of the island under three 

 heads or divisions, viz. : — 



1st. A lower series of greyish, brown and red sandstones and shales, 

 styled by Sir William Dawson Permo-carboniferous, with an estimated 

 thickness of 800 feet. The contained fossil plants were regarded as of 

 distinctly Carboniferous age, and included Calamités sucTcovii, C. cistii, 

 C. cannœformis, Dadoxylon Acadianum and Trigonocarpum, which were 

 associated with forms of a Permian character. 



2nd. A middle series, conformable to the lower, or nearly so, con- 

 sisting of red sandstones and shales, having an estimated thickness of 

 about 2,000 feet; in which the shales with calcareous sandstones pre- 

 dominate in the lower portion. These are found over the greater part 

 of the island but in the western area the thickness becomes greatly 

 reduced. The contained fossil plants recognized were Calamités gigas, 

 Pecopteris arlorescens, Walchia, stems of Araucarites allied to the Wal- 

 cliia, and impressions of large and thick leaves like Nœggeratia, with 

 Dadoxylon Edvardium. 



The strata are regarded as slightly disturbed by three anticlinal 

 lines having a course approximately parallel to the Cobequid range in 

 Nova Scotia. Near the summit of this division beds of quartzose con- 

 glomerate occur, and are found on the Murray Harbour road and about 



