420 THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



can I find any Porcupine Head elsewhere in these provinces, though there are two 

 places called Cape Porcupine. I think it altogether probable, however, that Rand 

 here refers to Porcupine Point, which lies on an island near the entrance of Tangier 

 Harbour on the southeast coast. That this latter point might well be called a Head 

 is shown by the fact, plain on the large-scale geological map, that it is immediately 

 backed by a hill, called Porcupine Hill, which is 120 feet in height. Some incidental 

 confirmation of this identification is contributed by the fact that Rand gives an 

 unusually large proportion of names from this vicinity, showing that one of his 

 Indian informants knew that region intimately. This island would ofïer a far more 

 probable resort for a gull than either of the places called Cape Porcupine. But the 

 point of local natural history has still to be elucidated. 



POONAMOQUODY. (1) The Micmac name, in somewhat simplified form, 

 of Salmon River, a branch of Tusket River in western Nova Scotia. Rand gives 

 the name as BOONÀMOOKWÔDE, or BOONAMOOGWÂDE, meaning TOMCOD- 

 GROUND (First Reading Book, 98; Micmac-English Dictionary, 180). The con- 

 struction of the word is perfectly clear. The latter part is of course our familiar 

 combination (Â)-KWA'DI-(K), already explained (page 377); the usual possessive A 

 being here extinguished by the 00 sound preceding; while the former part is as 

 clearly the Micmac name POONÀMOO, meaning the TOMCOD (Rand, First 

 Reading Book, 54), a fish very abundant in this region and important among the food 

 resources of the Indians. Thus the word in full would be BOONÀMOO-(A)- 

 KWA'DI-(K), meaning literally TOMCOD-(THEIR)-OCCURRENCE-(PLACE). 



Both the location and the construction of the name are confirmed very fully 

 from an independent source, for in Campbell's History of the County of Yarmouth, 

 1876, 3, 20, among Indian place-names showing no trace of the influence of Rand, 

 occurs, "Salmon River— the Indian PONAMAGOTTY, or PLACE OF FROST 

 FISH." The Frost Fish is the common local name for the Tomcod. 



(2). The Micmac name for Salmon River, which empties into the head of 

 Chedabucto Bay in Eastern Nova Scotia, according to Rand, who gives it as BOON- 

 ÀMOOKWÔDE, meaning TOMCOD-GROUND (First Reading Book, 100). Thus 

 the word would be identical in every particular with the preceding. Of course one's 

 natural thought must be that Rand has made some slip, and has repeated for this 

 Salmon River, the Indian name which belongs to that at the other extremity of Nova 

 Scotia. This possibly seems excluded, however, by the fact that with this word, 

 Rand gives the Micmac names of seven lakes along it, nearly all of which can be 

 identified exactly as lakes on the Chedabucto Salmon River. 



Still another curious use of this name occurs in Father Pacifique's Micmac 

 Almanac, of 1902, 25, for he gives, in Cape Breton, Chapel Island, or Salmon River, 

 with the name PONAMOGOATIG, evidently the same word as the preceding. But 

 herein, as Father Pacifique informs me, is an error due to confusion of places on his 

 part in preparing his work. The Micmac name of Chapel Island, as Father Mac- 

 Pherson tells me on authority of Chief Denys, is Botaloteg. 



PUGUMEJWACADIE. The Micmac name for the White Islands, a small 

 oflf-lying group on the southeast coast of Nova Scotia about midway from Halifax 

 to Canso. Rand gives the name as PÛGÛMËJOOÂÂKÂDE, or POOGUME- 

 JOOAKADE, meaning LAND-LIZARD PLACE, or ABOUNDING IN LAND- 

 LIZARDS (First Reading Book, 102; Micmac-English Dictionary, 188). On this 

 interpretation the construction of the word is perfectly clear, involving our familiar 

 roots -WA-KA'DI-(K), already explained (page 390) together with PUGÛMÙCH, 

 the Micmac name for LAND LIZARD, by which I presume the little Salamander, 

 often locally though incorrectly called a Lizard, is meant (op. cit .44). In response 

 to my inquires, Mr. E. W. Moser, of Mosers River, near by, tells me that "land lizards," 



