31g H. H. WILDER, The amphibian larynx. 



Fig. 39. Rana temporaria. Cardiac aspect of laryngeal cartilages. 



Fig. 40. Rana temporaria. Lateral view of laryngeal cartilages. 



Fig, 41. Rana temporaria. An arytaenoid from the interior, 



showing the vocal membrane. 



Fig. 42. Bufo lentiginosus, var. americana. Pharyngeal aspect 

 of larynx. 



Fig. 43. Bufo lentiginosus, var. americana. Cardiac aspect of 

 larynx. 



Plate 21. 



Fig. 44. Rana esculenta. Cardiac view of the laryngeal car- 

 tilages. 



Fig. 45. Bomhinator igneus. Ventral view of hyoid apparatus 

 and larynx (male). 



Fig. 46. Bomhinator igneus. Larynx of male. Pharyngeal aspect. 



Fig. 47. Bomhinator igneus. Larynx of female. Pharyngeal 

 aspect. 



Fig. 48. Hyla versicolor. Larynx of male. Pharyngeal aspect. 

 Superficial layers of muscles. 



Fig. 49. Hyla versicolor. Larynx of male. Pharyngeal aspect, 

 showing deep muscles and cartilages. 



Fig. 50. Hyla versicola. Lateral view of laryngeal cartilages 

 (male). 



Fig. 51. Acris gryllus. Larynx of male, pharyngeal aspect. 



Fig. 52. Chorophilus feriarum. Larynx of male, pharyngeal aspect. 



Fig, 53. Chorophilus feriarum. Larynx of female, pharyngeal 

 aspect. 



Fig. 54. Chorophilus feriarum. Diagram of ring-muscles, with 

 their connections. This shows also the location of the sesamoid car- 

 tilages. 



Fig. 55. Chorophilus feriarum. Transverse section of male larynx, 

 showing vocal cords and the accessory arytaenoids. 



Fig. 56. Hylodes pickeringii. Pharyngeal aspect of male larynx. 



Fig. 57. Hylodes pickeringii. Annulus from the cardiac aspect. 



Fig. 58. Dactylethra capensis. Pharyngeal view of hyo-laryngeal 

 apparatus. 



Fig. 59. Dactylethra capensis. Cardiac view of hyo-laryngeal 

 apparatus. 



Fig. 60. Dactylethra capensis. Central portion of Fig. 59, with 

 membrane removed. 



Fig. 61. Dactylethra capensis. Pharyngeal view of laryngeal 

 cartilages and the intrinsic muscles. 



