498 JOSEPH STAFFORD, 



the central portions are seen to belong to cells and in fact to bladder- 

 like parenchyma cells. They are not nerve cells, not unicellular 

 glands, are not in relation to the muscle fibres as myoblasts (Bildungs- 

 zellen) for the anterior and outer fibres are certainly free from them. 

 I have seen indications of a capacity to divide exhibited in a few nuclei 

 — lengthening, dispersed nuclein, even two nuclei in union. In the cuticle 

 here I have often found little hyaline bladder-like structures that in plain 

 cases extend as projections into the space between radial muscles, thus 

 indicating their origin. It is quite probable that, as the killing reagent 

 would not penetrate to this part till some time after the outer parts 

 were killed, and as the animal would contract forcibly upon the first 

 irritation of the fluid, watery contents of the parenchyma cells were 

 pressed outwards but stopped up in the cuticle by its outer tough 

 layer. These bubbles do not appear in the outer cuticle of the same 

 preparations. 



Intestine. As to the intestine proper all essential points are 

 described by Voeltzkow. I will only add to the general statements 

 elsewhere mentioned in this paper a few remarks. The cuticle (Fig. 1 C) 

 extends along the walls of the intestine to a distance equal to at 

 least half the length of the pharynx , and where it ceases the long 

 epithelium cells begin. Along the sides just outside of this portion 

 of the intestine are also to be found chromatophil cells which might 

 speak much for the view of their relation to the cuticle but that they 

 grade into cells present in a more scattered form all along the in- 

 testine and even in the parenchyma itself. Here one does not find 

 all the elements of the subcuticular layer under the outer muscle 

 sheath but one can trace these latter forwards along the neck, reflected 

 onto the mouth funnel and intestine, and can not find a distinct 

 separation line. 



There is an outer circular layer of muscles and an inner longi- 

 tudinal layer as mentioned by Voeltzkow but the latter are far less 

 prominent than are represented in his drawing, where they have equal 

 importance with those of the septum. Since he has no nuclei re- 

 presented in the long epithelium cells and that the nuclei are vastly 

 more evident than the transverse sections of the longitudinal muscles 

 and are mostly basally situated it would appear as if he had mistaken 

 the former for the latter. These fibres in section are more nearly to 

 be compared in size with the nucleoli of the epithelium nuclei. Longi- 

 tudinal sections show the circular fibres in section. Contraction of 

 these can produce a peristaltic motion of the intestine with considerable 



