FAMILY IV. PSEUDOMONADACEAE »« 



Genus I. Pseudomonas, p. 89. 

 aa. Cultures develop a yellow, non-water-soluble pigment. Cells normally mono- 

 trichous. Mostlj^ plant pathogens which cause a necrosis. 



Genus II. Xanthomonas, p. 152. 

 2. Bacteria which produce readily detectable amounts of acetic acid bj- the oxida- 

 tion of ethanol. The vinegar bacteria. 



Genus III. Acetobacter, p. 183. 

 B. Genera in which the species ferment glucose, usually with the production of H2 and 

 CO2. 



1. Cells carry out a fermentation like that of the coliform bacteria. Usually produce 

 acid and gas from glucose. 



a. Cells not known to fix free atmospheric nitrogen. 



b. Water organisms. Common species cause diseases of fishes. Also found in 

 leeches. Not luminescent. 



Genus IV. Aeromo?ias, p. 189. 

 bb. Luminescent bacteria commonly found on dead fishes and Crustacea on 

 salt-water beaches. 



Genus V. Photobacterium , p. 193. 

 aa. Cells fix free atmospheric nitrogen. 



Genus VI. Azotomonas, p. 198. 



2. Cells carry out an alcoholic fermentation similar to that of yeasts. 



Genus VII. Zymomonas, p. 199. 

 II. Do not attack carbohydrates or, if so, produce only slight amounts of acid from glu- 

 cose and similar sugars. Includes certain species which require at least 12 per cent salt 

 for growth. 



A. Do not require salt in excess of 12 per cent for growth. 



1. Cells not embedded in a gelatinous matrix. 



a. Cells rod-shaped. 



b. Soil and water bacteria that are known to dissimilate alkylamines. 

 Genus VIII. Protaminobacter , p. 200. 

 bb. Soil and water bacteria that are known to dissimilate alginic acid. 

 Genus IX. Alginovwnas , p. 202. 

 aa. Soil bacteria that are known to utilize phenol and similar aromatic com- 

 pounds. Cells may be branched. 



Genus X. Mycoplana, p. 204. 



2. Cells embedded in a gelatinous matrix; this matrix may be of a branching form. 



Genus XI. Zoogloea, p. 206. 



B. Requires at least 12 per cent salt before growth will take place. 



Genus XII. Halobacterium, p. 207. 



Genus I. Pseudomonas Migula, 1894* 



{Chlorobacterium Guillebeauf, Landw. Jahrb. d. Schweiz, 4, 1890, 32; Migula, 

 Arb. bakt. Inst. Karlsruhe, 1, 1894, 237.) 



Pseu.do'mo.nas or Pseu.do.mo'nasJ. Gr. pseudes false; Gr. monas a unit, monad; M.L. 

 fem.n. Pseudomonas false monad. 



Cells monotrichous, lophotrichous or non-motile. Gram-negative. Frequently develop 



* Completely revised by Dr. Wm. C. Haynes, Northern Utilization Research Branch, 

 U.S.D.A., Peoria, Illinois (Species Nos. 1-58) and by Prof. Walter H. Burkholder, Cornell 

 University, Ithaca, New York (Species Nos. 59-149), September, 1953. 



t See Footnote, p. 65. Also see Internat. Bull. Bact. Nomen. and Tax., 2, 1952, 121, foi 

 a proposal to conserve Pseudomonas Migula. 



t The former accords with the Latin rules of accentuation; the latter is commonly used. 



