104 



ORDER I. PSEUDOMONADALES 



Rods, 0.4 to 0.5 by 1.0 to 1.5 microns, oc- 

 curring singly and in pairs. Motile, possess- 

 ing a bundle of five to seven polar flagella. 

 Gram-negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Smooth, soft, flat, 

 spreading, brownish yellow, entire. Medium 

 becomes yellowish green fluorescent. 



Gelatin stab: Growth along stab. Lique- 

 faction with yellowish white sediment. 



Agar colonies: Circular, raised, smooth, 

 amorphous, entire. 



Agar slant: Lemon-yellow, moist, mu- 

 coid, gistening, becoming light green- 

 fluorescent. 



Broth: Turbid, with slimy white sedi- 

 ment. No pellicle. 



Litmus milk: Flocculent precipitation. 

 Slow peptonization with yellow serum. 

 Alkaline. 



Potato: Dirty yellow, moist, glistening, 

 entire. 



Indole produced. 



Nitrates reduced to nitrites and am- 

 monia. No gas formed. 



Acid from glucose. No acid from lactose 

 or sucrose. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature, 22° C. Scant 

 growth at 35° C. 



Distinctive character: Grows in broth 

 containing up to 6 per cent by volume of 

 alcohol. 



Source: Isolated from beer. 



Habitat: Found in materials undergoing 

 alcoholic fermentation, but probably also 

 occurs elsewhere. 



11. Pseudomona.s schuylkilliensis 



Chester, 1901. (Bacillus fluorescens schuyl- 

 killiensis Wright, Memoirs Natl. Acad. 

 Sci., 7, 1895, 448; Chester, Man. Determ. 

 Bact., 1901, 320.) 



schuyl.kil.li.en'sis. Schujdkill, name of a 

 river; M.L. adj. schuylkilliensis of the 

 Schuylkill. 



Short rods, with rounded ends, occurring 

 singly, in pairs and in chains. Motile, posses- 

 sing a polar flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Grayish white, translu- 

 cent. Medium becomes bluish green fluores- 

 cent. 



Gelatin stab: Slow crateriform liquefac- 

 tion, with blue-green fluorescence. 



Agar slant: Grayish, translucent growth. 

 Medium shows greenish fluorescence. 



Broth: Turbid, with delicate pellicle and 

 blue-green fluorescence. Stringy sediment. 



Litmus milk: Alkaline. Coagulated, with 

 slow reduction of litmus; peptonized. 



Potato: Brownish, spreading, viscid, 

 thick. 



Indole jjroduced (trace). 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Does not grow at 35° to 36° C. 



Source: Isolated from Schuylkill River 

 water. 



Habitat: Water. 



12. Pseudomonas synxantha (Ehren- 

 berg, 1840) Holland, 1920. (Vibrio synxan- 

 thus Ehrenberg, Verhandl. d. Berl. Akad., 

 1840, 202; Holland, Jour. Bact., 5, 1920, 220.) 



syn.xan'tha. Gr. pref. syn- along with, 

 together; Gr. adj. xanthus yellow; M.L. 

 adj . synxanihus with yellow. 



Description from Hammer (Res. Bull. 20, 

 Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta., 1915); also see Zim- 

 mermann (Bakt. unserer Trink- und Nutz- 

 wasser, Chemnitz, 2, 1890, 44). 



Rods, 0.5 to 0.6 by 1.3 to 2.2 microns, oc- 

 curring singly and in pairs. Motile with 

 polar flagella (Hammer, personal communi- 

 cation, 1944). Gram-negative. 



Gelatin stab: Liquefied; a greenish tinge, 

 a heavy, flocculent sediment and a partial 

 membrane and ring appear in two weeks. 



Agar colonies: After 72 hours, large, 

 spreading, transparent; bluish cast by re- 

 flected light. Colonies may show flesh 

 color (Zimmermann). 



Agar slant: Growth raised, shiny, white, 

 becoming brown and heavy. 



Agar stab : Growth heaviest near the sur- 

 face, becoming light brown, heavy, spread- 

 ing. 



Broth: Turbid, becoming alkaline and 

 green; pellicle and brittle membrane form 

 in older cultures. With the addition of glu- 

 cose or galactose, black granules form on 

 the membranes of older cultures. 



Uschinsky's and Dunham's solutions: 

 Turbid, occasionally becoming green. 



Litmus milk: Coagulated; casein digested 

 in older cultures. Litmus reduced. 



Potato: Growth spreading, brown with 

 greenish edges. 



