FAMILY IV. PSEUDOMONADACEAE 



111 



Motile with a polar flagellum. Gram-nega- 

 tive. 



Gelatin: Crateriform to stratiform lique- 

 faction in 3 to 4 daj's. 



Agar colonies: Convex, glistening, gen- 

 erally butyrous, occasionally viscid. Rough, 

 smooth and intermediate forms are recog- 

 nized in the description quoted. The rough 

 forms are less proteolytic and less active 

 in the hydrolysis of fats. 



Agar slant: Growth abundant, spreading, 

 raised, white, shiny, generally butyrous. 

 Sweet ester-like odor resembling that of the 

 flower of the May apple. 



Broth: Turbidit}^ and sediment with a 

 thin pellicle. 



Litmus milk: Acid ring followed by acid 

 coagulum at surface. Complete coagulation 

 in 2 to 3 weeks, some digestion. Characteris- 

 tic Maj'-apple or strawberry odor. 



Potato : Growth echinulate to arborescent, 

 raised, glistening, white, becoming brown- 

 ish. 



Indole not produced. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Ammonia produced from peptone. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Acid from glucose and galactose, some- 

 times arabinose. No acid from glycerol, 

 inulin, lactose, fructose, maltose, mannitol, 

 raffinose, salicin or sucrose. 



No acetylmeth3-lcarbinol produced. 



Fat is generally hydrolyzed (Nashif and 

 Nelson, Jour. Dairy Sci., 36, 1953, 459-488). 



Aerobic. 



Grows from 10° to 30° C. No growth at 

 37° C. Very sensitive to heat. 



Comment: Various names have been 

 given this species. Hussong (Thesis, Iowa 

 State College, 1932) thinks that these varie- 

 ties are the result of dissociative action. 



Source: Isolated from milk and other 

 dairy products, dairy utensils, water, etc. 



Habitat: Soil and water. Widely dis- 

 tributed (Morrison and Hammer, Jour. 

 Dairy Sci., ^4, 1941,9). 



31. Pseudomonas perolens (Turner, 

 1927) Szybalski, 1950. {Achromobacter pero- 

 lens Turner, Austral. Jour. Exp. Biol, and 

 Med. Sci., 4, 1927, 57; Szybalski, Nature, 

 165, 1950, 733.) 



pe.ro 'lens. L. v. perolere to emit a pene- 

 trating odor; L. part. adj. perolens emitting 

 an odor. 



Small, imperfect spheres and coccoid rods; 

 occasionallj' longer rods with rounded ends; 

 occur singly and in short chains. 0.3 by 0.4 

 to 2.55 microns. Motile with a single polar 

 flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Agar slants: Growth moderate, glisten- 

 ing, raised, butyrous, spreading, with un- 

 dulate border; whitish by reflected and 

 semi-translucent by transmitted light. 



Broth: Turbid, with a flocculent sediment 

 and a slight pellicle. 



Litmus milk: Acid, gradually decolorized, 

 partial clotting. 



Blood serum: Liquefied. 



Potato: Growth thick, glistening, raised, 

 brownish. 



Nitrites and ammonia produced from ni- 

 trates. 



Indole not produced. 



Acid but no gas from glucose, fructose, 

 galactose, glycerol, mannitol and arabinose. 

 Sucrose, maltose, lactose, raffinose, dulcitol, 

 salicin and inulin not utilized. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Grows well at room temperature. No 

 growth at 37° C. 



Distinctive characters : Produces a musty 

 odor in eggs. Other varieties and species of 

 Pseudomonas that produce the same odor 

 have been described (Szybalski, loc. cit.). 

 Resembles Pseudomonas fragi but produces 

 a musty rather than a May-apple odor in 

 media. 



Source: Isolated from eggs with a musty 

 odor. 



Habitat: Musty eggs. 



32. Pseudomonas mephitica Claydon 

 and Hammer, 1939. (Jour. Bact., 37, 1939, 

 254.) 



me.phi'ti.ca. L. adj. mephiticus pestilen- 

 tial (skunk-like) odor. 



Rods, 0.5 to 1.0 by 1.5 to 14.0 microns, 

 occurring singly, in pairs and in chains. 

 Actively motile with a polar flagellum. 

 Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Slow liquefaction. 



Agar colonies: Convex, circular, about 3 



