120 



ORDER I. PSEUDOMONADALES 



Thin rods, 0.5 to 0.8 by 1.5 to 3.6 microns, 

 with rounded ends, often staining irregu- 

 larly. Motile, with one polar flagellum. 

 Gram-negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Circular, light brown in 

 color (large colonies show CaCOg crystals). 



Gelatin stab : Surface growth with filiform 

 growth in depth. Liquefaction starts at 

 bottom. 



Agar colonies (sea water) ; Grayish white, 

 glistening. In two to three weeks crystals 

 of calcium carbonate form in the agar. 



Agar slant: Slight, whitish surface 

 growth becoming thick, spreading, glisten- 

 ing, with abundant CaCOs crystals in 

 medium. 



Ammonia formed. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature, 20° C. 



Source : Isolated from sea water. 



Habitat: Sea water. 



56a. Pseudomonas halestorga Elazari- 

 Volcani, 1940. (Pse2idomonas halestorgus (sic) 

 Elazari-Volcani, Studies on the Microflora 

 of the Dead Sea. Thesis, Hebrew University, 

 Jerusalem, 1940, VIII and 82.) 



hal.e'stor.ga. Gr. noun hale salt water; 

 Gr. adj. storgus loving; M.L. adj. halestorgus 

 salt-water-loving. 



Rods, the length of which varies greatly 

 depending on the concentrations of salt : at 

 3 to 24 per cent, they are usually 0.5 bj^ 1.3 

 to 4.0 microns, occurring singly and in pairs; 

 in 0.5 and 30 per cent salt and in Dead Sea 

 water, the rods are usually very long, 

 twisted threads. Motile by means of a single, 

 polar flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin stab (12 per cent salt, 1 per cent 

 proteose peptone, 15 per cent gelatin) : Fili- 

 form, very slight infundibuliform liquefac- 

 tion after six weeks. 



Agar colonies (12 per cent salt, 1 per cent 

 proteose peptone, 2 per cent KNO3) : Circu- 

 lar, smooth, entire, slightly convex, glisten- 

 ing, slightly transparent, grayish. 



Agar slant (12 per cent salt, 1 per cent 

 proteose peptone, 2 per centKNOa) : Moder- 

 ate, filiform, raised, smooth, slightly trans- 

 parent, grayish growth. 



Broth (12 per cent salt, 1 per cent pej)- 

 tone) : Very turbid; whitish pellicle is 

 formed. 



Indole not produced. 



No acid or gas from glucose, fructose, 

 galactose, mannose, lactose, sucrose, mal- 

 tose, arabinose, xylose, rafEnose, inulin, 

 dextrin, glycerol, mannitol or salicin. 



Starch not hydrolyzed. 



Nitrites are produced from nitrates; no 

 gas is produced. 



Aerobic. 



Optimum temperature, 30° C. 



Salt tolerance: Halotolerant, growing 

 slightly in 0.5 per cent salt, strongly in 3 to 

 30 per cent salt and moderately in Dead Sea 

 water. 



Source: Isolated from the water of the 

 Dead Sea. 



Habitat: Found in places where the salt 

 content of water is high. 



57. Pseudomonas iridescens Stanier, 

 1941. (Jour. Bact., 4S, 1941, 542.) 



ir.id.es'cens. Gr. fem.noun iris, -idis the 

 rainbow; M.L. part. adj. iridescens showing 

 colors of the rainbow. 



Rods, 0.2 to 0.3 by 1.5 to 7.0 microns, 

 average length 5.0 to 6.0 microns, occurring 

 singly. Non-motile. Gram-negative. 



Sea water gelatin stab: Filiform growth. 

 Liquefaction by some strains. 



Sea water agar colonies: Concave, 2 to 3 

 mm in diameter, smooth, glistening, trans- 

 lucent, pale j^ellow, edge irregular. After 2 

 to 3 days a marked iridescence. Later 

 colonies rough, opaque, bright yellow, 

 sunken central portion with translucent 

 peripher3^ 



Sea water agar slant: Growth spreading, 

 smooth, glistening, translucent, pale yel- 

 low, iridescent, butyrous. 



Sea water broth: Turbid, light yellow, 

 granular pellicle. 



Indole not produced. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Catalase-positive. 



Urease-negative. 



Acid from xylose, glucose, galactose, 

 lactose, maltose, sucrose and cellobiose. No 

 acid from arabinose. Starch and cellulose 

 are attacked. 



Aerobic. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, 23° C. 

 Minimum, 5° C. Maximum, 30° C. 



