FAMILY IV. PSEUDOMONADACEAE 



123 



Source: Isolated from diseased lettuce 

 from Louisiana. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on lettuce, Lactuca 

 saliva. 



64. Pseudonionas delphinii (Smith, 

 1904) Stapp, 1928. {Bacillus delphinii Smith, 

 Science, 19, 1904, 417; Stapp, in Sorauer, 

 Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiten, 2, 5 

 Aufl., 1928, 106.) 



del.phi'ni.i. Gr. delphinium the larkspur; 

 ALL. dim. neut. noun Delphinium generic 

 name; M.L. gen. noun delphinii of larkspur. 



Rods 0.6 to 0.8 by 1.5 to 2.0 microns. 

 Chains present. Motile, with 1 to 6 polar 

 flagella. Encapsulated. Gram-negative. 



Green fluorescent pigment produced in 

 culture. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Beef agar slants: Growth thin, smooth, 

 shining, transparent, margins entire, crys- 

 tals. Agar becomes dark brown. 



Broth: Turbid in 24 hours with delicate 

 pellicle. 



Milk: Becomes alkaline and clears. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates (Burk- 

 holder and Starr, Phytopath., 38, 1948, 498). 



Lidole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Lipolytic action negative (Starr and 

 Burkholder, Phytopath., 32, 1942, 601). 



Acid from glucose, galactose and fructose; 

 slight acid from sucrose. No acid from lac- 

 tose, maltose, glj'cerol or mannitol. 



Starch: Hydrolysis feeble. 



Weak growth in broth plus 4 per cent salt. 



Optimum pH, 6.7 to 7.1. pH range, 5.6 to 

 8.6. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, 25° C. 

 Minimum, 1° C. or less. Maximum, 30° C. 



Source: Isolated from black spot of del- 

 phinium. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on delphinium caus- 

 ing a black spot in the leaves. 



65. Pseudonionas cepacia Burkholder, 

 1950. (Phytopath., J^0, 1950, 116.) 



ce.pa'ci.a. L. fem.noun caepa or cepa 

 onion; M.L. adj. cepacius of or like onion. 



Rods, 0.8 by 1.0 to 2.8 microns, occurring 

 singly or in pairs. Motile, with 1 to 3 polar 

 flagella. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Slow liquefaction. 



Beef -extract-peptone agar: Slants sulfur- 

 yellow, filiform, butyrous to slightly viscid. 

 Most cultures appear rough. Yellow to 

 yellow-green pigment diffuses into medium 

 about the colony. 



Potato dextrose agar: Pale yellow. No 

 change in medium. 



Broth: Turbid in 24 hours; yellow pellicle. 



Milk: Litmus reduced. Medium clears and 

 becomes tan with a yellow pellicle. 



Krumwiede's Triple sugar agar: Growth 

 very abundant, j-ellow-green and extremely 

 wrinkled; medium becomes red. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Acid but no gas from glucose, fructose, 

 lactose, maltose, sucrose, arabinose, xylose, 

 glycerol, mannitol and salicin; alkaline re- 

 action from sodium salts of citric, hippuric, 

 malonic and tartaric acids. Growth is slight 

 in rhamnose. 2 per cent ethyl alcohol jiot 

 utilized. 



Starch not hydrolj^zed. 



Sodium ammonium pectate medium not 

 liquefied. 



Methyl red test negative; acetylmethyl- 

 carbinol not produced. 



Growth in 3 per cent but not in 5 per cent 

 salt. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, 30° C. 

 Minimum, between 6° and 9° C. Maximum, 

 42° C. 



Aerobic. 



Source: Seven isolates from different 

 onion bulbs collected in New York State. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on onions. Allium 

 cepa. 



66. Pseudonionas apii Jagger, 1921. 

 (Jour. Agr. Res., 21, 1921, 186.) 



a'pi.i. L. apium celery; M.L. neut. noun 

 Apium generic name of celery; M.L. neut. 

 gen. noun apii of celery. 



Description from Clara (Cornell Agr. 

 Exp. Sta. Mem. 159, 1934, 24). 



Rods 0.75 to 1.5 by 1.5 to 3.0 microns. 

 Motile with a polar flagellum. Gram-nega- 

 tive. 



Green fluorescent pigment produced in 

 various media. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Beef -extract agar colonies: Circular, 



