144 



ORDER I. PSEUDOMONADALES 



acetic, citric, formic, hippuric, lactic, malic, 

 maleic, succinic and tartaric acids. 



Starch not hydrolyzed. 



Aerobic. 



Temperature relations: Optimum be- 

 tween 30° and 33° C. Minimum, 5° C. or 

 less. Maximum, 46° C. 



Slight growth in broth plus 3.5 per cent 

 salt. 



Source: Isolated first by L. K. Jones and 

 later by W. H. Burkholder from dying car- 

 nation plants from Spokane, Washington. 

 Twelve isolates used in description. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on roots and stalks 

 of the carnation, Dianthus caryophyllus . 



35° and 37° C. Minimum, 10° C. Maximum, 

 41° C. 



Pathogenicity readily lost in culture. 



Comment: A variety that turns litmus 

 milk and cream red has been described by 

 Erw. Smith (Bact. in Relation to Plant 

 Diseases, S, 1914, 282). It was isolated by 

 J. A. Honing from diseased tobacco plants 

 in Medan, Sumatra. 



Source: Isolated from brown-rot of 

 solanaceous plants. 



Habitat: Soil pathogen in warm, moist 

 climates attacking numerous species of 

 plants, especially potato, tobacco and 

 tomato. 



124. Pseudonionas solanacearuni (Erw. 

 Smith, 1896) Erw. Smith, 1914. {Bacillus 

 solanacearuni Erw. Smith, U. S. Dept. Agr., 

 Div. Veg. Phys. and Path., Bull. 12, 1896, 

 10; Erw. Smith, Bacteria in Relation to 

 Plant Diseases, 3, 1914, 178.) 



so.la.na.ce.a'rum. L. solarium the night- 

 shade; -aceae familial ending; M.L. fem.pl. 

 noun Solanaceae the nightshade family; 

 M.L. fem.pl. gen. n. solanacearuni of the 

 Solanaceae. 



Rods 0.5 to 1.5 microns. Motile with a 

 polar flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Nakata (Jour. Sci. Agr. Soc. 

 Tokyo, 29^, 1927, 216) states there are two 

 forms, one of which shows slight liquefac- 

 tion. The other shows no liquefaction. 



Agar colonies: Small, irregular, roundish, 

 smooth, wet-shining, opalescent, becoming 

 brown. 



Broth: Slight pellicle. Broth turns brown. 



Milk: Cleared without precipitation of 

 casein. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced (Burk- 

 holder). 



Glucose, sucrose, glycerol, sodium citrate, 

 peptone, tyrosine, asparagine and glutamic 

 acid are utilized (Mushin, Austral. Jour. 

 Expt. Biol, and Med., 16, 1938, 325). 



Nitrogen sources utilized are ammonia, 

 nitrates (KNO3), asparagine, tyrosine, pep- 

 tone and glutamic acid, but not potassium 

 nitrite (Mushin, loc. cit.). 



Starch not hydrolyzed. 



Temperature relations: Optimum between 



125. Pseudonionas castaneae (Kawa- 

 mura, 1934) SSvulescu, 1947. {Bacterium 

 castaneae Kawamura, Ann. Phytopath. Soc. 

 Japan, 3, 1934, 15; SSvulescu, Anal. Acad. 

 Romane, III, 22, 1947, 11.) 



cas.ta'ne.ae. Gr. castanum the chest- 

 nut tree; L. castanea the chestnut; M.L. 

 fem.noun Castanea generic name of chest- 

 nut; M.L. gen. noun castaneae of the chest- 

 nut. 



Rods 0.8 to 1.2 by 1.0 to 1.8 microns. 

 Motile with 1 to 5 polar flagella. Gram-nega- 

 tive. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Beef agar colonies: White, circular, edges 

 slightly undulate, viscid. 



Milk: No coagulation. Peptonized. 



Acid but no gas from glucose, sucrose and 

 glycerol. No acid from lactose. 



Temperature relations : Optimum between 

 25° and 27° C. Minimum, 3° C. Maximum, 

 35° C. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Habitat: Causes water-soaked spotting 

 on leaves and shoots of chestnut, Castanea. 



126. Pseudonionas passiflorae (Reid, 

 1939) Burkholder, 1948. {Phytomonas passi- 

 florae Reid, New Zealand Jour. Sci. and 

 Tech., 22, 1939, 264a; Burkholder, in Man- 

 ual, 6th ed., 1948, 138.) 



pas.si.flo'rae. L. passio passion; L. flos, 

 floris a flower; M.L. fem.noun Passiflora 

 generic name of passion flower; M.L. 

 gen. noun passiflorae of the passion flower. 



Rods 0.2 to 0.5 by 1.2 to 3.2 microns- 



