FAMILY IV. PSEUDOMONADACEAE 



157 



Source: Smith isolated this ])uthogeii from 

 Japanese plimis. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on plum {Prunus 

 salicina), peach (P. persica), apricot (P. 

 (irmeniaca), etc. 



3. Xaiilhonionas vilians (Brown, 1918) 

 Dowson, 1943. {Bacterium vitians Brown, 

 Jour. Agr. Res., 13, 1918, 379; Dowson, 

 Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc, 26, 1943, 13.) 



vi'ti.ans. L. vitio to injure; L. part. adj. 

 vitians injuring. 



Rods. Motile with bipolar flagella. Gram- 

 negative. 



Gelatin: Slow liquefaction. 



Beef-extract agar colonies: Circular, 

 smooth, thin, cream to cream-yellow. 



Broth: Turbid with yellow ring. 



Milk: Clears and turns alkaline. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole: Feeble production. 



Hydrogen sulfide: Feeble production. 



Acid but no gas from glucose. 



Starch: Feeble hydrolysis. 



Pectate medium not liquefied. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, be- 

 tween 26° and 28° C. Minimum, 0° C. Maxi- 

 mum, 35° C. 



Aerobic. 



Source : Isolated from the stem of diseased 

 lettuce plants from South Carolina. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on lettuce, Lactuca 

 sativa. 



4. Xanthonionas beticola (Smith 

 et al., 1911) Savulescu, 1947. {Bacterium 

 beticolum Smith, Brown and Townsend, U. 

 S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Plant Ind., Bui. 213, 

 1911, 194; S&vulescu, Anal. Acad. Romane, 

 III, 22, 1947, 12). 



be.ti'co.la. L. beta the beet; L. v. colo to 

 inhabit; M.L. noun beticola the beet dweller. 



Description from Brown, Jour. Agr. Res., 

 37, 1928, 167, where the species is referred to 

 as Bacterium beticola (Smith, Brown and 

 Townsend) Potebnia. 



Rods 0.4 to 0.8 by 0.6 to 2.0 microns. 

 Motile with 1 to 4 polar flagella. Encapsu- 

 lated. Presumably Gram-negative although 

 originally reported as Gram-variable. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Beef-agar slants: Growth moderate, 

 filiform, flat, glistening, yellow. 



Broth: Turbid, yellow ring, abundant 

 sediment. 



Milk: Coagulation and peptonization. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Acid from glucose, sucrose, maltose and 

 mannitol. No acid from lactose. 



Starch hydrolysis feeble. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, 29° C. 

 Minimum, 1.5° C. Maximum, 39° C. 



Chemical tolerance: Optimum pH, 6.5. 

 Minimum, between 4.5 and 4.8. Maximum, 

 between 9.0 and 9.5. 



Tolerates salt up to 9 per cent. 



Aerobic. 



Comment: It is doubtful whether this 

 species belongs in this genus. 



Source: Isolated from galls on sugar beets 

 collected in Colorado, Kansas and Virginia. 



Habitat: Produces galls on sugar beets 

 and on garden beets. 



5. Xanthomonas rubrilineans (Lee et 

 al., 1925) Starr and Burkholder, 1942. 

 {Phytomonas rubrilineans Lee, Purdy, Bar- 

 num and Martin, Hawaiian Sugar Planters' 

 Assoc. Bui., 1925, 25; Starr and Burkholder, 

 Phytopath., 32, 1942, 600.) 



ru.bri.li'ne.ans. L. ruber red; lineo to 

 make a straight line; rubrilineans making 

 red stripes. 



Rods 0.7 by 1.67 microns. Motile with 1 

 or seldom more polar flagella. Gram-nega- 

 tive. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Agar (Beef-extract + glucose) colonies: 

 Small, smooth, glistening, buff to yellow. 



Broth: Turbid with pellicle. Sediment. 



Milk: Casein precipitated and digested. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Not lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, 

 Phytopath., 32, 1942, 600). 



Acid from glucose, fructose, arabinose, 

 xylose, lactose, sucrose, raffinose and man- 

 nitol. 



Starch: Slight hydrolysis. 



Pectate medium not liquefied. 



Growth range, pH 5.4 to pH 7.3. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



