164 



ORDER I. PSEUDOMONADALES 



Habitat: Pathogenic on flowering stocks. 



22. Xanthoinouas juglandis (Pierce, 

 1901) Dowson, 1939. (Pseudomonas juglandis 

 Pierce, Bot. Gaz., 31, 1901, 272; Dowson, 

 Zent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 100, 1939, 190.) 



jug.lan'dis. L. juglans, juglandis the wal- 

 nut; M.L. fem.n. Juglans generic name of 

 walnut; M.L. gen.noun juglandis of the wal- 

 nut. 



Description from Miller, Bollen, Sim- 

 mons, Gross and Barss (Phytopath., 30, 

 1940, 731). 



Rods 0.5 to 0.7 by 1.1 to 3.8 microns. 

 Motile with a polar flagellum. Encapsu- 

 lated. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Nutrient glucose-agar streaks: Growth 

 abundant, filiform, convex, glistening, 

 smooth, opaque, pale lemon-yellow, viscid. 



Broth : Turbid. Ring formed in 2 to 5 days. 



Milk: Enzjmiatic curd that is slowly di- 

 gested. Litmus reduced. Crystal formation 

 (Burkholder) . 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Nitrogen sources utilized are peptone, 

 aspartic acid, alanine, leucine, sodium 

 ammonium phosphate, allantoin, tyrosine, 

 uric acid and brucine. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced on lead 

 acetate agar. H2S produced after ZoBell 

 and Feltham's method (Burkholder). 



Selenium dioxide reduced. 



Lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, Phy- 

 topath., 32, 1942, 600). 



Acid but no gas from glucose, fructose, 

 galactose, lactose, sucrose, maltose, xylose, 

 raffinose, mannitol, glycerol and starch. 

 Alkali from salts of citric, lactic, malic and 

 succinic acids. Arabinose, rhamnose, dulci- 

 tol, salicin, inulin and cellulose not utilized. 



Starch hydrolyzed. 



Pectate medium not liquefied. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, be- 

 tween 28° and 32° C. Minimum, between 5° 

 and 7° C. Maximum, 37° C. Thermal death 

 point, between 53° and 55° C. 



pH range for growth, 5.2 to 10.5. Optimum 

 pH, between 6 and 8. 



Source: Isolated from black spots on the 

 leaves and nuts of English walnuts, Juglans 

 regia. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on the walnut, Jug- 

 lans spp. 



23. Xanthomonas lespedezae (Ayers 

 et al., 1939) Starr, 1946. (Phytomonas lespe- 

 dezae Ayers, Lefebvre and Johnson, U. S. 

 Dept. Agr. Tech. Bull. 704, 1939, 19; Starr, 

 Jour. Bact., 51, 1946, 136.) 



les.pe.de'zae. Named after Lespedez; 

 M.L. fem.n. Lespedeza generic name; M.L. 

 gen.noun lespedezae of Lespedeza. 



Rods, 0.56 by 1.62 microns, occurring 

 singly, in pairs, or occasionally in short 

 chains. Encapsulated. Motile with a single 

 polar flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Nutrient agar colonies: Circular, raised, 

 glistening, translucent, viscid, yellow. 



Broth: Turbid in 48 hours. 



Milk: Peptonized; becomes alkaline. 



Blood serum and egg albumin: Liquefied. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole produced after 11 days. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced. 



No gas from carbohydrates. 



Starch hydrolyzed. 



Pectate medium liquefied. 



Aerobic. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, near 

 35°C. No growth at 5°C. or at 40°C. 



Source: Isolated from diseased Lespedeza 

 spp. collected in Virginia, New York and 

 Illinois. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on Lespedeza spp. 



24. Xanthomonas maculifoliigarden- 



iae (Ark, 1946) Elrod and Braun, 1947. 

 (Phytomonas maculifolium-gardeniae (sic) 

 Ark, Phytopath., 36, 1946, 867; Xantho- 

 monas maculajoliumgardeniae (sic) Elrod 

 and Braun, Jour. Bact., 53, 1947, 515.) 



ma.cu.li.fo'li.i.gar.de'ni.ae. L. fem.n. 

 macula a spot; L. neut.n. folium a leaf; M.L. 

 neut.n. maculijolium a leaf spot; M.L. 

 fem.n. Gardenia the generic name of the 

 host; gardeniae of gardenia; M.L. gen.noun 

 maculifoliigardeniae of leaf spot of gar- 

 denia. 



Rods 0.3 to 0.5 by 1.6 to 2.0 microns. 

 Encapsulated. Motile with 1 to 2 polar 

 flagella. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Slow liquefaction. 



Beef-peptone agar colonies: Growth 



