168 



ORDER I. PSEUDOMONADALES 



Broth: Turbid with thin ring. 



Milk: Litmus reduced. Soft curd precipi- 

 tated and slowly digested. Liquid gradually 

 clears. Tyrosine crystals produced. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced. 



Lipase produced. 



Acid from glucose, xylose, galactose, 

 fructose, lactose, sucrose and glycerol. 

 Arabinose, maltose, raffinose, inulin, manni- 

 tol, ethanol and salicin not attacked. Salts 

 of acetic, citric, lactic, malic and succinic 

 acids utilized with an increase in pH. Salts 

 of tartaric, formic, salicylic and benzoic 

 acids not utilized. 



Starch hydrolyzed. 



Pectate medium liquefied. 



Salt tolerance: 3.25 to 3.5 per cent. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, 30° C. 

 Minimum, between 0° and 3° C. Maximum, 

 38° C. 



Aerobic. 



Source: Seven isolates from diseased Rus- 

 sian dandelions grown at Ithaca, New York. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on Taraxacum kok- 

 Russian dandelion. 



33. Xanthoinonas translucens (Jones 

 et al., 1917) Dowson, 1939. (Bacterium trans- 

 lucens Jones, Johnson and Reddy, Jour. 

 Agr. Res., 11, 1917, 637; Dowson, Zent. f. 

 Bakt., II Abt., 100, 1939, 190.) 



trans. lu'cens. L. transluceo to be trans- 

 lucent; L. part, translucens being translu- 

 cent. 



Rods 0.5 to 0.8 by 1.0 to 2.5 microns. 

 Motile with a single polar flagellum. Gram- 

 negative. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Beef-peptone agar colonies: Round, 

 smooth, shining, amorphous except for 

 inconspicuous, somewhat irregular con- 

 centric striations within, wax-yellow tinged 

 with old gold; margin entire. 



Broth: Turbidity becomes rather strong. 

 Pellicle. 



Milk: Soft coagulum and digestion. Milk 

 clears. Tyrosine crystals produced. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole: Slight production. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced. 



Lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, Phy- 

 topath., 32, 1942, 600). 



Ammonia from peptone. 



Acid but no gas from glucose, d-fructose, 

 d-mannose, d-galactose, sucrose, lactose 

 and sometimes salicin. No utilization of 

 1-rhamnose, inositol, maltose, raffinose, 

 inulin, d-mannitol or dulcitol. 



Starch hydrolyzed. 



Pectate medium not liquefied. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, 26° C. 

 Minimum, 6° C. Maximum, 36° C. 



Aerobic. 



Distinctive characters: Many forms of 

 Xanthomonas translucens have been de- 

 scribed, all of which have the same cultural 

 characters; they differ mainly in patho- 

 genicity. 



Comment: Various varieties, formae spe- 

 ciales and races of this species have been 

 described. See Elliott (Man. Bact. Plant 

 Path., 2nd ed., 1951, 142-146) for details. 



Source : Originally isolated from bacterial 

 blight of barley. 



Habitat: Causes water-soaked stripes, 

 streaks or other lesions on leaves, culms 

 or glumes of grain and related plants. 

 Occurs naturally on Triticum spp., Hor- 

 deum spp., Bromus spp., Secale cereale, 

 Phleum pratense and, by inoculation, on 

 Avena spp. 



34. Xanthomonas uppalii Patel, 1948- 

 (Indian Phytopath., 1, 1948, 67.) 



up.pa'li.i. Named for B. N. Uppal, an 

 Indian plant pathologist; M.L. gen. noun 

 uppalii of Uppal. 



Rods, 0.7 to 1.0 by 2.0 to 2.4 microns, 

 mostly single. Motile with a single polar 

 flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Rapid liquefaction. 



Nutrient agar slants: Growth smooth, 

 slightly raised, dull, filiform, opalescent, 

 lemon-chrome. 



Potato-glucose agar colonies: Growth 

 copious, glistening, butyrous, empire- 

 yellow. 



Broth: Turbid. No pellicle. Sediment and 

 floccules in 4 days. 



Milk: Growth good. Litmus reduced. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced. 



