170 



ORDER I. PSEUDOMONADALES 



variety of the latter species, it is not patho- 

 genic on horseradish. Originally isolated 

 from leaf spots of radishes and turnips in 

 Indiana. 



Source: Isolated from spotted tomato 

 fruits in South Africa. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on tomatoes, Lyco- 

 persicon esculenhim, and peppers, Capsicum 

 annuum. 



37. Xanthomonas vignicola Burk- 

 holder, 1944. (Phytopath., 34, 1944, 431.) 



vig.ni'co .la. M.L. fem.n. V igna gen&vic 

 name of host; L. v. colo to dwell; M.L. 

 fem.n. vignicola the Vigna dweller. 



Rods 0.7 (0.46 to 0.92) by 1.76 (1.0 to 

 2.8) microns. Motile with a single polar 

 flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Beef -extract peptone agar slant: Fili- 

 form, glistening, edges entire, primuline- 

 yellow, butyrous. 



Broth: Turbid in 48 hours; heavy ring; 

 no pellicle. 



Litmus milk: Light curd becoming solid. 

 Slow peptonization with crystal formation. 

 Litmus reduced. Brownish syrup at end of 

 6 weeks. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced. 



Indole not produced. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Asparagine and tyrosine not utilized as 

 carbon-nitrogen sources. Tyrosine broken 

 down to a brownish pigment in other media. 



Lipolytic. 



Salt tolerance: 2 per cent retards and 3 

 per cent inhibits growth. 



Acid but no gas from glucose, galactose, 

 lactose, maltose, sucrose and raffinose. 

 Alkaline reactions with salts of citric and 

 malic acids. Fructose, 1-arabinose, xylose, 

 rhamnose, glycerol, salicin and the sodium 

 salts of lactic, formic, succinic, tartaric and 

 hippuric acids not attacked. 



Starch hydrolyzed. 



Pectate medium liquefied. 



Aerobic. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, be- 

 tween 27° and 30° C. Minimum, between 

 6° and 9° C. Maximum, 37° C. 



Source : Six isolates from cankers of cow- 

 pea stems. 



Habitat: Causes canker disease of cow- 



peas, Vigna spp., and disease of the red 

 kidney bean, Phaseolus vulgaris. 



38. Xanthomonas nakatae (Okabe, 

 1933) Dowson, 1943. {Bacterium nakatae 

 Type B, Okabe, Jour. Soc. Trop. Agr., 

 Formosa, 5, 1933, 161; Dowson, Trans. 

 Brit. Mycol. Soc, 26, 1943, 12.) 



na'ka.tae. Named for K. Nakata, a 

 Japanese plant pathologist; M.L. gen. noun 

 nakatae of Nakata. 



Rods 0.3 to 0.4 by 1.1 to 2.5 microns. 

 Encapsulated. Motile with a single polar 

 flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. Brown color. 



Beef -extract agar colonies: Amber-yellow, 

 circular, smooth, glistening, margins entire. 

 Medium turns brown. 



Broth: Moderate turbidity with yellow 

 ring. Medium turns brown. 



Milk: Casein precipitated and digested. 

 Tyrosine crystals produced. Brown color. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced (slight) . 



Acid but no gas from glucose, sucrose, 

 maltose and lactose. 



Starch: Active hydrolysis. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, be- 

 tween 30° and 32° C. Minimum, 10° C. 

 Maximum, 39° C. 



No growth in beef extract broth plus 2 

 per cent salt. 



Aerobic. 



Distinctive character: Differs from Type 

 A in that it produces a brown pigment in 

 culture. (Description of Type A not seen.) 



Source: Isolated from water-soaked to 

 brown leaf spots on jute. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on jute, Corchorus 

 capsularis. 



39. Xanthomonas papavericola (Bryan 

 and McWhorter, 1930) Dowson, 1939. 

 (Bacterium papavericola Bryan and Mc- 

 Whorter, Jour. Agr. Res., 40, 1930, 9; Dow- 

 son, Zent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 100, 1939, 190.) 



pa.pa.ve.ri'co.la. L. papaver the poppy; 

 M.L. neut.n. Papaver generic name of 

 poppy; L. V. colo to dwell; M.L. fem.n. 

 papavericola poppy dweller. 



Rods, 0.6 to 0.7 by 1.0 to 1.7 microns, 

 occurring in chains. Encapsulated. Motile 



