172 



ORDER I. PSEUDOMONADALES 



Milk: Casein precipitated and milk 

 cleared; alkaline. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole not produced. 



Acid but no gas from glucose, d-galactose, 

 xylose, d-mannose, 1-arabinose, sucrose, 

 lactose, raffinose, trehalose, d-mannitol 

 and glycerol. No acid from maltose or 

 rhamnose. 



Starch not hydrolyzed. 



Pectate medium liquefied. 



Optimum temperature, between 25° and 

 30° C. 



Tolerates 4 per cent salt at pH 7. 



Aerobic. 



Source: Two original isolations from 

 diseased carrots and a reisolation from 

 inoculated carrots were used for the descrip- 

 tion. 



Habitat : Pathogenic on leaves of Daucvs 

 carota var. saliva. 



43. Xanthonionas hederae (Arnaud, 

 1920) Dowson, 1939. {Bacterium hederae 

 Arnaud, Compt. rend. Acad. Sci., Paris, 

 171, 1920, 121; Dowson, Zent. f. Bakt., II 

 Abt., 100, 1939, 190.) 



he'de.rae. L. Aedera the ivy; M.L. fem.n. 

 Hedera generic name of ivy; M.L. gen. noun. 

 hederae of ivy. 



Description taken from Burkholder and 

 Guterman (Phytopath., £2, 1932, 783). 



Rods 0.6 by 2.13 microns. Motile with a 

 single polar flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Beef-extract-agar slants: Growth good, 

 filiform, amber-yellow, butyrous. 



Broth: Turbid. 



Milk: Casein precipitated and digested. 

 Milk becomes alkaline. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced. 



Indole not produced. 



Not lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, 

 Phytopath., 32, 1942, 600). 



Acid from glucose, fructose, galactose, 

 .xylose, sucrose, lactose and glycerol. Alkali 

 from salts of acetic, citric, lactic, malic 

 and succinic acids. The following are not 

 utilized: arabinose, rhamnose, maltose, 

 salicin, cellulose and formic acid. 



Starch not hydrol3^zed. 



Pectate medium not liquefied. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Source : Isolated from diseased ivy leaves. 

 Habitat: Pathogenic on ivy, Hedera 

 helix. 



44. Xanthonionas phorniicola (Taki- 

 moto, 1933) Dowson, 1943. {Bacterium 

 phorniicola Takimoto, Jour. Plant Protect., 

 20, 1933, 777; Dowson, Trans. Brit. Mycol. 

 Soc, 26, 1943, 12.) 



phor.mi'co.la. Gr. dim. phormi^im the 

 name of a plant; M.L. neut.n. Phormium 

 generic name of New Zealand flax; L. v. 

 colo to dwell; M.L. fem.n. phormicola the 

 Phormium dweller. 



Description translated by Dr. K. Togashi. 



Rods 0.5 to 0.6 by 1.0 to 2.0 microns. 

 Motile with a single flagellum. Gram-nega- 

 tive. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Agar colonies: Light j'ellow, then waxy 

 yellow; butyrous, then viscid. 



Broth: Turbid; pellicle formed. 



Milk: Casein coagulated slowly and pre- 

 cipitated, then digested. Alkaline. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced. 



No gas from sucrose, glucose, lactose or 

 glycerol. 



No acid from various sugars in broth. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, about 

 29° C. Minimum, about 0° C. Maximum, 

 39° C. 



Aerobic. 



Source: Species isolated from New Zea- 

 land flax, Phormixim tenax. 



Habitat: Causes a leaf stripe of Phor- 

 mium tenax. 



45. Xanthonionas geranii (Burkholder, 

 1937) Dowson, 1939. {Phytomonas geranii 

 Burkholder, Phytopath., 27, 1937, 560; 

 Dowson, Zent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 100, 1939, 

 190.) 



ge . ra'ni . i. Gr. geranium geranium, crane's 

 bill; M.L. neut.n. Geranium generic name; 

 M.L. gen. noun geranii of Geranium. 



Rods 0.75 to 2.0 microns. Motile with a 

 single polar flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Beef -extract agar slants: Moderate to 



