FAMILY IV. PSEUDOMONADACEAE 



173 



good filiform growth, glistening, primuline- 

 yellow. Develops in 24 hours. 



Broth: Turbid in 24 hours. No pellicle 

 but a moderate sediment. 



Milk: Becomes clear with a heavy casein 

 precipitate. Peptonization with crystal 

 formation. 



Nitrates reduced to ammonia. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced. 



Lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, Phy- 

 topath., 32, 1942, 600). 



Acid from glucose, galactose, fructose, 

 xylose, rhamnose, lactose, sucrose, raffinose 

 and glycerol. Alkaline reaction from salts 

 of citric, malic, malonic and succinic acids. 

 No growth in arabinose or formic, hippuric, 

 maleic or tartaric acids. 



Starch not hydrolyzed. 



Pectate medium liquefied. 



Aerobic. 



Distinctive characters: Pathogenic on 

 Geranium spp., not on the house geranium, 

 Pelargonium hortorum. 



Relationship to other species: Similar in 

 culture to Xanthomonas pelargonii. 



Source: Three cultures isolated from 

 Geranium sanguineum. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on Geranium san- 

 guineum, G. maculatum, G. praiense and G. 

 sylvaticum. 



46. Xanthomonas antirrhini (Taki- 

 moto, 1920) Dowson, 1943. (Pseudomonas 

 antirrhini Takimoto, Bot. Mag. Tokyo, 34, 

 1920, 257; Dowson, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc, 

 26, 1943, 11.) 



an.tir.rhi'ni. Gr. antirrhinum the plant 

 snapdragon; M.L. gen. noun antirrhini of 

 the snapdragon. 



Description from Elliott (Man. Bact. 

 Plant Path., 1930, 93). 



Rods 0.3 to 0.4 by 0.8 to 1.2 microns. En- 

 capsulated. Motile with polar flagella. 

 Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Agar colonies: Circular, glistening, white, 

 later yellow. 



Milk: Coagulated and casein digested. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



No gas produced. 



Aerobic. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, be- 

 tween 26° and 27° C. Maximum, 34° C. 



Habitat: Causes a leaf spot of Aniirr 

 hinum niajus. 



47. Xanthomonas heterocea (Vzoroff, 

 1930) Sa.vulescu, 1947. {Phytomonas heterocea 

 Vzoroff, Bull. North Caucasian Plant 

 Prot. Sta. Roztoff-on-Don, 6-7, 1930, 263; 

 Sa,vulescu, Anal. Acad. Romane, III, 22, 

 1947, 11.) 



he.te.ro'ce.a. Gr. adj. heterus another, 

 different. 



Description taken from Rev. App. Myc, 

 10, 1931, 628. 



Rods 0.4 to 0.6 by 1.0 to 2.0 microns. 

 Motile. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Slow liquefaction. 



Agar colonies : Circular, 2 mm in diameter, 

 convex, smooth, semi-transparent, glisten- 

 ing, yellow to amber. Pitted surface. 



Milk: No coagulation. At first acid, later 

 alkaline. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced. 



Acid from glucose, galactose, arabinose, 

 xylose, sucrose, maltose, salicin, glycerol 

 and mannitol. Does not ferment lactose, 

 inulin, ethyl alcohol, esculin, adonitol or 

 dulcitol. 



Optimum temperature, between 25° and 

 30° C. 



Source: Isolated from diseased tobacco in 

 the North Caucasus. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on Nicoliana ta- 

 bacum. 



48. Xanthomonas badrii Patel et al., 

 1950. (Patel, Kulkarni and Dhande, Indian 

 Phytopath.,3, 1950, 104.) 



bad'ri.i. From the given name of Badri 

 Uppal, Indian plant pathologist; M.L. 

 gen. noun badrii of Badri. 



Rods, 0.7 to 1.0 by 1.4 to 1.8 microns, 

 occurring singly and rarely in chains. Motile 

 with a single polar flagellum. Gram-nega- 

 tive. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Nutrient agar colonies: Smooth, glisten- 

 ing, entire, empire-yellow; growth slow. 



Milk: Cleared in 8 days. Litmus reduced. 



Loeffler's blood serum: Liquefied. 



