174 



ORDER I. PSEUDOMONADALES 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole not produced. 



Ammonia produced. 



Methjd red negative; acetylmethylcarbi- 

 nol not produced. 



Acid but no gas from glucose, lactose, 

 sucrose, mannitol and salicin. 



Optimum temperature, 31° C. 



Source: Isolated from leaf spot of Xan- 

 thium strumarium in India. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on Xanthium stru- 

 marium. 



49. Xanthoinonas guniniisudans (Mc- 

 Culloch, 1924) Starr and Burkholder, 1942. 

 {Bacterium giunmisudans McCulloch, Phy- 

 topath., 14-, 1924, 63; also see Jour. Agr. 

 Res., 27, 1924, 229; Starr and Burkholder, 

 Phytopath., 32, 1942, 600.) 



gum. mi.su 'dans. L. gummi gum; L. v. 

 sudo to sweat, exude; M.L. part. adj. gum- 

 misudans exuding gum. 



Rods 0.6 to 0.8 by 1.0 to 2.8 microns. 

 Encapsulated. Motile with a single polar 

 flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Beef-peptone agar colonies: Amber- 

 yellow, circular, transparent, smooth, with 

 definite margins. 



Broth: Moderately turbid with a yellow 

 ring. 



Milk: Soft curd which is digested with 

 formation of tyrosine crystals. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide produced. 



Lipolytic (Starr and Burkholder, loc. cit.). 



Acid from glucose and sucrose. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, 30° C. 

 Minimum, 2° C. Maximum, 36° C. 



Aerobic. 



Source: From gummy lesions on gladiolus 

 leaves. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on leaves of gladioli. 



50. Xanthonionas nigromaculans (Ta- 

 kimoto, 1927) Dowson, 1943. {Bacterium 

 nigromaculans Takimoto, Jour. Plant Pro- 

 tect., Tokyo, ^, 1927, 522; Dowson, Trans. 

 Brit. Mycol. Soc, 26, 1943, 12.) 



ni.gro.ma'cu.lans. L. niger black; L. v. 

 maculo to spot; M.L. part. adj. nigromacu- 

 lans spotting with black. 



Description translated by Dr. K. Togashi. 



Rods 0.6 to 0.9 by 1.5 to 2.8 microns. 

 Motile with 1 or 2 polar fiagella. Gram- 

 negative. 



Gelatin: Liquefied. 



Agar colonies: Yellow, circular, entire, 

 smooth, glistening. 



Broth: Growth moderate with yellow 

 pellicle. 



Milk: Coagulation and digestion of the 

 casein. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole not produced. 



No acid or gas from glucose, sucrose, 

 lactose, mannitol or glycerol in peptone 

 water. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, be- 

 tween 27° and 28° C. Minimum, 0° C. Maxi- 

 mum, 33° C. 



Aerobic. 



Comment : A forma specialis that is path- 

 ogenic on Zinnia spp. has been described 

 (Hopkins and Dowson, Trans. Brit. Mycol. 

 Soc, 32, 1949, 253). 



Source: Isolated from lesions on leaf and 

 petioles of burdock. 



Habitat: Pathogenic on leaves and peti- 

 oles of Arctium lappa, the burdock. 



51. Xanthoinonas axonopodis Starr 

 and Garces, 1950. {Xanthomonas axonoperis 

 (sic) Starr and Garces, Rev. Fac. Nal. de 

 Agron. de Medellin, 12, 1950, 75.) 



ax.on.o'pod.is. Gr. noun axon axis; Gr. 

 noun pous foot; M.L. mas.n. Axonopus 

 generic name of a grass; M.L. gen. noun 

 axonopodis of Axonopus. 



Rods 0.4 by 1.0 to 3.0 microns. Encapsu- 

 lated. Motile by means of a single polar 

 flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Not liquefied. 



Yeast extract agar: Growth slow; small, 

 yellow colonies appear in 7 days. 



Peptone sucrose agar: Growth slow; yel- 

 low colonies 1 mm in diameter appear in 7 

 days. 



Potato-glucose agar: No growth. 



Broth: Slight turbidity in two days; 

 slimy pellicle in 2 weeks. Yellowish ring 

 produced. 



Milk: Litmus not reduced. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Indole not produced. 



