222 



ORDER I. PSEUDOMONADALES 



the capsules which are found in surface 

 films. No motility observed. 



Aerobic. 



Comment: The differences between the 

 two species placed by Naumann (loc. cit.) 

 in the genus Sideroderma are not very sig- 

 nificant. Moreover, as surface-film organ- 



isms, these are so much like F errihacterium 

 duplex Brussoff that they clearly belong in 

 the same genus. 



Source: Found in the Anebodae region of 

 Sweden. 



Habitat : Found in fresh water, in swampy 

 ditches and in small streams. 



Genus V. Sideromonas Cholodny, 1922. 



(Cholodny, Ber. d. deutsch. Bot. Ges., Ifi, 1922, 326; also see Die Eisenbakterien, Pflanzen- 



forschung. Heft 4, 1926, 55; Siderothece Naumann, Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. 



Handl., 62, No. 4, 1922, 18; Siderocystis Naumann, ibid., 42; also see Dorff, Die 



Eisenorganismen, Pflanzenforschung, Heft 16, 1934, 12; and Beger, Ber. d. 



deutsch. Bot. Ges., 62, (1944) 1950, 8.) 



Si.de.ro.mo'nas. Gr. noun sider^ls iron; Gr. noun monas a unit, monad; M.L. fem.n. 

 Sideromonas iron monad. 



Short, coccoid to rod-shaped cells each embedded in a rather large, sharply outlined 

 capsule. The number of cells may increase within the capsule, and older capsules may unite 

 to form larger colonies, the outlines of which are ill-defined. The capsules are impregnated 

 with iron or manganese compounds or are completely encrusted with them. 



The type species is Sideromonas confervarum Cholodny. 



1. Sideromonas confervarum Cho- 

 lodny, 1922. (Cholodnyi (sic), Ber. d. 

 deutsch. Bot. Ges., 40, 1922, 326; also see 

 Cholodny, Die Eisenbakterien, Pflanzen- 

 forschung, Heft 4, Jena, 1926, 55.) 



con.fer.va'rum. M.L. fem.n. Conferva a 

 genus of algae; M.L. gen. pi. noun confer- 

 varum of confer vae 



Coccobacteria, 0.5 to 0.6 by 0.8 to 1.0 

 micron, occurring in chains embedded in 

 gelatinous masses 10 to 100 microns in 

 diameter. Chains become visible when the 

 gelatinous mass is treated with formalin 

 followed by dilute HCl, washed in water 

 and stained with gentian violet or carbol- 

 fuchsin. No motility observed. 



Form deposits of iron salts within the 

 gelatinous mass surrounding the chains. 



Probably facultative autotrophic (Dorff, 

 Tabulae Biologicae, 16, 1933, 222). 



Cause the algal cells that are surrounded 

 bj^ the zoogloeal masses to become darker 

 green than normal. 



Source: Found on the surface of algae 

 {Conferva) in water containing iron salts 

 near Kiew (Ukraine); also found near 

 Berlin, Central and Southern Sweden, 

 Hungary and Moravia. 



Habitat: Widely distributed on fresh- 

 water green 



2. Sideromonas duplex (Naumann, 

 1922) Beger, comb. nov. {Siderocystis duplex 

 Naumann, Kungl. Svenska Vetenskap- 

 sakad. Handl., 62, No. 4, 1922, 43.) 



du'plex. L. adj. duplex two-fold, double. 



Slender rods with rounded ends, 0.5 by 

 1.5 to 3.0 microns, occurring singly or in 

 pairs. Embedded in capsules that may fuse 

 to form zoogloeal masses. Iron compounds 

 impregnate the capsular material. No 

 motility observed. 



Comment: The differences between this 

 species and Ferribacterium duplex Brussoff 

 are slight; cultural studies may show these 

 two to be identical. 



Source: Found in the Aneboda region of 

 Sweden. 



Habitat: Found on submerged objects in 

 swampy ditches and small streams. 



3. Sideromonas vulgaris (Naumann, 

 1922) Beger, comb. nov. {Siderocystis vulgaris 

 Naumann, Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsa- 

 kad. Handl., 62, No. 4, 1922, 42.) 



vul.ga'ris. L. adj. vulgaris common. 



