234 



ORDER I. PSEUDOMONADALES 



slender chains of cells are formed in old 

 cultures. Motile by means of a single, polar 

 flagellum. In the animal body the cells are 

 nearly coccoid. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Like those of Vibrio 

 comma. 



Gelatin stab: Rapid, napiform liquefac- 

 tion. 



Agar slant: Yellowish, plumose, moist, 

 glistening growth. 



Broth: Turbid, with thin, white pellicle. 



Litmus milk: Acid, coagulated (eighth 

 day) ; not peptonized. 



Potato: Delicate, brownish growth. 



Indole produced. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature, 37° C. Maximum, 

 less than 45° C. 



Pathogenic for pigeons, fowls and guinea 

 pigs. 



Source: Isolated from fowl dead of a chol- 

 era-like disease. 



Habitat: Found in the intestinal contents 

 of chickens, pigeons and other animals suf- 

 fering from a cholera-like disease. 



4. Vibrio proteus Buchner, 1885. (Kom- 

 mabacillus der cholera nostras, Finkler and 

 Prior, Deutsche med. Wochenschr., 1884, 

 632; Buchner, Sitzungsber. d. Gesel. f. 

 Morph. u. Physiol., Miinchen, Heft 1, 1885, 

 10.) 



pro'te .us. Gr. noun Proteus a sea-god who 

 could change his form; M.L. mas.n. Proteus 

 a generic name. 



Description supplemented by material 

 taken from Lehmann and Neumann (Bakt. 

 Diag., 7 Aufl., 2, 1927, 541). 



Curved rods, 0.4 to 0.6 by 2.4 microns, 

 often pointed at both ends. Motile by means 

 of a single, polar flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Small, gray, circular, 

 granular, entire; rapid liquefaction with 

 the formation of large craters. 



Gelatin stab: Rapid, saccate liquefaction. 



Agar slant: Dirty grayish, plumose 

 growth. 



Broth: Turbid, with fetid odor. 



Litmus milk: Slightly acid; coagulated; 

 peptonized. 



Potato: Grayish, slimy layer. 



Indole not produced; indole reaction weak 

 (Lehmann and Neumann). 



Hydrogen sulfide production very slight. 



Gas not produced from glucose. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature, 30° C. 



Source: Isolated from feces of patients 

 suffering from cholera nostras (gastroen- 

 teritis) . 



Habitat: Found in the intestinal contents 

 in cholera nostras and cholera infantum. 



5. Vibrio sputigenus (Migula, 1900) 

 Bergey et al., 1923. (Vibrio aus Sputum, 

 Brix, Hyg. Rundschau, 4, 1894, 913; Micro- 

 spira sputigena Migula, Syst. d. Bakt., 2, 

 1900, 981; Bergey et al.. Manual, 1st ed., 

 1923, 80.) 



spu.ti'ge.nus. L. noun sputum spit, spu- 

 tum; Gr. v. gennao to bear; M.L. adj. sputi- 

 genus sputum-borne. 



Slightly curved rods, about the same 

 size and form as those of Vibrio comma, 

 occurring singly, occasionally three or four 

 in a chain. Motile by means of a single, polar 

 flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Small, circular, slightly 

 granular, yellowish, becoining brownish. 



Gelatin: Crateriform liquefaction. 



Agar slant: Grayish white, moist. 



Broth: Turbid, no pellicle formed. 



Litmus milk: Acid; coagulated. 



Potato: Thin, gray layer, spreading. 



Indole not produced. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature, 37° C. 



Source: Isolated from sputum. 



6. Vibrio xenopus Schrire and Green- 

 field, 1930. (Trans. Roy. Soc. So. Africa, 

 17, 1930, 309.) 



xe'no.pus. Gr. adj. xenus alien, strange; 

 Gr. noun pus, podis a foot; M.L. mas.n. 

 Xenopus strange foot, a genus of toads. 



Spiral forms, occurring singly and in 

 pairs. Non-motile. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin stab: Slow, crateriform liquefac- 

 tion. 



Agar colonies: Small, white, glistening, 

 slimy, entire. 



