FAMILY VII. SPIRILLACEAE 



239 



Gelatin colonies: Small, j^ellowish white. 



Gelatin stab: Liquefaction. Growth at 

 the surface and along the stab. 



Agar: Abundant growth. 



Agar slant: Growth dull and wrinkled. 



Blood agar: Good growth and lumines- 

 cence; beta hemolysis. 



Broth: Pellicle formed. 



Koser's citrate medium: Growth and lu- 

 minescence. 



Milk: Growth. 



Potato: Luxuriant growth. 



Indole produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Acid but no gas from glucose and sucrose. 

 No acid or gas from lactose. 



Starch hydrolyzed. 



Gives a cholera-red reaction, i.e., pro- 

 duces both indole and nitrites. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Optimum salt concentration, 0.9 per cent. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, 22° C.; 

 growth at 37.5° C. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Distinctive characters: Morphologically 

 and culturally like Vibrio comma. Lumi- 

 nescent. Pathogenic to guinea pigs and 

 pigeons. 



Source: Originally isolated from the Elbe 

 River. If Vibrio phosphorescens Jermoljewa 

 (Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 100, 1926, 

 170) is accepted as identical with this spe- 

 cies, then it has also been found in the in- 

 testinal contents of three cholera patients, 

 one gastroenteritis and one typhoid pa- 

 tient; Jermoljewa (ibid., 171) also isolated 

 his organism from the bile of a cadaver. 

 Sonnenschein (op. cit., 12S, 1931, 92) reiso- 

 lated this species from a fish taken from 

 the Elbe River and found that it main- 

 tained its ability to luminesce when grown 

 in o.x bile. 



Habitat: Found in fresh water, in human 

 feces and in bile. Probably widely distrib- 

 uted. 



15. Vibrio pierantonii (Zirpolo, 1918) 

 Meissner, 1926. (Bacillus pierantonii Zir- 

 polo. Boll. Soc. Nat. Napoli, 30, (1917) 

 1918, 206; Meissner, Cent. f. Bakt., II Abt., 

 67, 1926, 200.) 



pier.an.to'ni.i. M.L. gen. noun pierantonii 



of Pierantoni; named for Prof. U. Pieran- 

 toni, an Italian scientist. 



Rods, 0.5 by 1.5 microns, with rounded 

 ends. Rods curved and vibrio-shaped ac- 

 cording to Meissner (ibid., 201). Motile by 

 means of one to three polar flagella. Gram- 

 negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Circular and irregularly 

 lobulate. 



Gelatin stab: No liquefaction. 



Agar colonies: Circular, light green, 

 smooth, entire. 



Glycerol agar slant: Slightly luminous 

 streak. 



Broth: Turljid, with pellicle. 



Indole not produced. 



Acid from glucose and maltose. Some 

 strains also attack lactose, sucrose and 

 mannitol. 



Best growth in alkaline media. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature, 37° C. 



Source: Isolated from the photogenic 

 organ of the cephalopod Sepiola intermedia 

 Naef. 



16. Vibrio agarliqiiefaciens (Gray and 

 Chalmers, 1924) Bergey et al., 1934. (Mi- 

 crospira agar-liquefaciens (sic) Gray and 

 Chalmers, Ann. Appl. Biol., 11, 1924, 325; 

 Bergey et al., Manual, 4th ed., 1934, 119.) 



a.gar.li.que.fac'i.ens. Malay agar, a jelly 

 from seaweeds; L. v. liquefacio to liquefy; 

 M.L. part. adj. agarliquefaciens liquefying 

 agar. 



Short, curved rods, usually c-shaped, 

 with occasional s-shaped and coccoid forms. 

 Cells 2.0 microns long by 0.5 to 0.7 micron 

 broad; 3.0 to 5.0 microns long in division 

 stages. Coccoid forms stained, 0.5 to 0.7 

 micron long. Motile by means of a single, 

 polar flagellum. Gram stain not reported. 



Gelatin stab: Very slight surface growth 

 after one month; the streak then shows a 

 beaded line. No liquefaction. 



Agar colonies: Surface colonies appear 

 as a whitish growth in a depression, sur- 

 rounded by a white ring. The colony is later 

 surrounded by a ring of liquid agar. Deep 

 colonies show a clear area and may be irreg- 

 ular, oval or angular. 



Agar slant: A deep groove is cut along 



