252 



ORDER I. PSEUDOMONADALES 



Starch agar: Very abundant, In-ight 

 vellow growth which later turns brown. 



Nutrient broth: No growth. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, be- 

 tween 25° and 30° C. Minimum, 5° C. Maxi- 

 mum, between 32° and 35° C. No growth at 

 37° C. Thermal death point, between 39° 

 and 40° C. 



Aerobic. 



Source: Isolated from forest soil in Ger- 

 many and from soil in the United States. 



Habitat: Widely distributed in soils. 



4. Cellvibrio vulgaris Stapp and Bor- 

 tels, 1934. (Culture Co, Dubos, Jour. Bact., 

 15, 1928, 230; Stapp and Bortels, Zent. f. 

 Bakt., II Abt., 50, 1934,44.) 



vul.ga'ris. L. adj. vulgaris common. 



Curved rods, 0.3 by 2.9 to 4.0 microns. 

 Show involution forms. Motile by means of 

 a single polar flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Cellulose is decomposed. Grows on filter 

 paper without the formation of pigment. 



Glucose agar: Abundant growth. No pig- 

 ment. 



Sucrose agar: Abundant, slightly yellow 

 growth. 



Maltose agar: Abundant, .yellowish 

 growth. 



Lactose agar: Very heavy growth. 



Starch agar: Very abundant, yellowish 

 growth. 



Nutrient broth: No growth. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, be- 

 tween 25° and 30° C. Minimum, 5° C. Maxi- 

 mum, between 32° and 35° C. No growth at 

 37° C. Thermal death point, between 44° 

 and 45° C. 



Aerobic. 



Source: Isolated from forest soil in Ger- 

 many and from soils in the United States. 



Habitat: Widelv distributed in soils. 



Genus V. Cellfalcicula Winogradsky, 1929.* 

 (Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 43, 1929, 616.) 



Cell.fal.ci'cu.la. L. noun cella a room, cell; M.L. noun ceUulosum cellulose; L. noun 

 falcicula a sickle; M.L. fem.n. Cellfalcicula cell sickle, but here the cell is an abbreviation of 

 cellulose, hence, cellulose sickle. 



Short rods or spindles, not exceeding 2 microns in length, with pointed ends, containing 

 metachromatic granules. Old cultures show coccoid forms. Monotrichous. Oxidize cellulose, 

 forming oxycellulose. Growth on ordinary culture media is feeble. Soil bacteria. 



The type species is Cellfalcicula viridis Winogradsky. 



1. Cellfalcicula viridis Winogradsky, 

 1929. (Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 43, 1929, 616.) 



vi'ri.dis. L. adj. viridis green. 



Plump, small spindles, 0.7 by 2.0 microns, 

 with rounded ends. Motile by means of a 

 single flagellum. Gram-negative. 



Produces diffuse green, mucilaginous 

 colonies on cellulose silica gel medium. 



Filter paper streaks: Rapid spreading 

 growth colored green in 3 days at 30° C. 



Hydrocellulose agar: Growth rapid, 

 green; minute, yellowish green, mucous 

 colonies on streaking. 



No growth on peptone, glucose, starch 

 or gum agar. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature, 20° C. 



Habitat: Soil. 



2. Cellfalcicula mucosa Winogradsky, 

 1929. (Ann. Inst. Pasteur, 43, 1929, 621.) 



mu.co'sa. L. adj. mucosus slimy. 



Plump, curved spindles, with slightly 

 pointed ends. Motile by means of a single 

 polar flagellum. Contain a single chromatic 

 granule. Gram-negative. 



Produces diffuse, cream-colored, muci- 

 laginous colonies on cellulose silica gel 

 medium. 



Hydrocellulose agar: Abundant grayish 

 growth. 



No growth on peptone, glucose, starch or 

 gum agar. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature, 20° C. 



Habitat: Soil. 



* Revised by Prof. Robert S. Breed, Cornell LTniversity, Geneva, New York, September, 

 1937. 



