FAMILY III. ACHROMOBACTERACEAE 



299 



Nitrites ordinarily not produced or pro- 

 duced only in trace amounts from nitrates. 



Growth occurs at 10° and at 20° C. Vari- 

 al:)le growth at 37° and at 40° C. 



Aerobic. 



Long and Hammer (ibid., 264) have de- 

 scribed a variety of this species which does 

 not produce ropiness in milk. For a recent 

 discussion of this species see Jones (Food 

 Research, 19, 1954, 246). 



Source: Originally isolated from water. 



Habitat : Found in water and around dairy 

 barns and dairy utensils. Produces ropiness 

 in milk. 



3. Alcaligenes metalcaligenes Castel- 

 lani and Chalmers, 1919. (Manual Trop. 

 Med., 1919, 936.) 



met.al.ca.li'ge.nes. Gr. metu in common 

 with; M.L. adj. alcaligenes alkali-producing; 

 M.L. adj. metalcaligenes resembling alcali- 

 genes, originally an epithet in the trinomial 

 Bacillus faecalis alcaligenes. 



Rods, 0.6 by 1.5 microns, with rounded 

 ends, occurring singly and in pairs. Non- 

 motile. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin stab: No liquefaction. 



Agar colonies: Circular, raised, smooth, 

 amorphous, entire, gray. 



Agar slant: Gray, scant, filiform, con- 

 toured, viscid growth. 



Broth: Membranous pellicle with heavy 

 sediment. 



Litmus milk: Alkaline. 



Potato: Scant, glistening, smooth, some- 

 times faint pink growth. 



Indole not produced. 



No action on carbohj^drates. 



Starch not hydrolyzed. 



Nitrite production from nitrates variable. 



Blood serum not liquefied. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature, 22° C. 



Habitat: Intestinal canal. 



4. Alcaligenes bookeri (Ford, 1903) 

 Bergey et al., 1923. (Bacillus A of Booker, 

 Trans. Ninth Internat. Med. Congress, 3, 

 1887, 598; Bacillus bookeri Ford, Studies 

 from the Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, 

 /, 1903, 31; Bergey et al.. Manual, 1st ed., 

 1923, 236.) 



boo'ke.ri. M.L. gen. noun bookeri of 



Booker; named for W. D. Booker, the bac- 

 teriologist who first isolated this species. 



Rods, 0.5 by 1.5 to 2.0 microns, occurring 

 singly. Motile by means of peritrichous 

 flagella. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Circular, brown, vari- 

 able in size. 



Gelatin stab: Slow, saccate liquefaction, 

 becoming stratiform. 



Agar colonies: Thin, transparent, with 

 opaque center and indistinct margin. 



Agar slant: Abundant, yellowish to yel- 

 lowish brown growth. 



Broth: Turbid, with viscid sediment. No 

 pellicle. 



Litmus milk: Alkaline. Soft curd. Litmus 

 reduced. Peptonization. 



Potato: Luxuriant, yellowish white, moist 

 growth. Medium is darkened. 



Indole not produced. 



No acid or gas from carbohydrate media. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Blood serum: Yellowish brown growth. 

 Gradual liquefaction. 



No characteristic odor. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature, 37° C. 



Source: Isolated from alvine discharges 

 of children suffering with cholera infantum. 



Habitat: Intestinal canal. 



5. Alcaligenes recti (Ford, 1903) Bergey 

 et al., 1923. (Bacterium recti Ford, Studies 

 from the Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, 

 1, 1903, 31; Bergey et al.. Manual, 1st ed., 

 1923, 236.) 



rec'ti. L. adj . rectus straight; L. intestinum 

 rectum, the straight gut; M.L. neut.n. rec- 

 tum rectum; M.L. gen. noun recti of the 

 rectum. 



Rods, 0.5 by 1.5 to 2.0 microns, occurring 

 singly, in pairs and in chains. Motile by 

 means of peritrichous flagella. Gram-nega- 

 tive. 



Gelatin colonies: Variable in size and 

 shape, circular to oval, brown. 



Gelatin stab: Rapid, saccate liquefaction. 



Agar colonies: Large, grayish white with 

 opaque center. Slightly spreading. 



Agar slant: Grayish white, echinulate. 



Broth: Turbid. No pellicle. 



Litmus milk: Alkaline. No peptonization. 



Potato: Luxuriant, moist, brownish red. 



