FAMILY III. ACHROMOBACTERACEAE 



303 



Acid from glucose and sucrose. Occasion- 

 ally from maltose and glycerol. 



Starch hydrolyzed. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Attacks phenol and naphthalene. 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature, between 30° and 

 35° C. 



Source: Fifteen cultures were isolated 

 from soil . 



Habitat: Soil. 



3. Achroniobacter thalassius ZoBell 



and Upham, 1944. (Bull. Scripps Inst, of 

 Oceanography, Univ. of Calif., 5, 1944, 279.) 



tha.las'si.us. Gr. adj. thalassius of the 

 sea. 



Rods, 0.6 to 0.7 by 0.8 to 2.3 microns, 

 with some variation in shape, occurring 

 singly, in pairs and in short chains; many 

 cells lie side by side. Motile by means of 

 peritrichous flagella. Gram-negative, but 

 cell walls tend to retain stain. 



All media except the fresh-water broth, 

 litmus milk and potato were prepared with 

 sea water. 



Gelatin colonies: 1 mm in diameter, 

 circular, white. 



Gelatin stab: Napiform liquefaction. 

 Filiform growth along line of stab. 



Agar colonies: Punctiform, rough, trans- 

 lucent, raised. 



Agar slant: Moderate, glistening, beaded, 

 watery, butyrous growth with no pigment. 



Sea-water broth: No pellicle; slight 

 turbidity; scant, powdery sediment. 



Fresh-water broth: Fair growth. 



Litmus milk: No visible change. Casein 

 not digested. 



Potato: No visible growth. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Glucose, lactose, maltose, sucrose, xylose, 

 mannitol, glycerol and salicin not utilized. 



Starch not hydrolyzed. 



Non-lipolytic. 



Of 19 amino acids tested, none was re- 

 quired for growth; preformed growth fac- 

 tors also were not required (Campbell and 

 Williams, Food Research, 16, 1951a, 506). 



Ammonium chloride and the 19 amino 

 acids which were tested may serve as sources 

 of nitrogen; the amino acids may also be 



utilized as carbon sources (Campbell and 

 Williams, loc. cit.). 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Ammonia produced from peptone but not 

 from urea. 



Trimethylamine not produced from tri- 

 methylamine oxide, betaine, choline or 

 acetyl choline (Campbell and Williams, 

 Jour. Bact., 62, 1951b, 250). 



Inorganic sulfur may serve as a source of 

 sulfur (Campbell and Williams, op. cit., 

 1951a, 506). 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature, between 20° and 

 25° C. 



Source: Isolated from marine bottom 

 deposits. 



4. Achroniobacter delicatiilus (Jor- 

 dan, 1890) Bergey et al., 1923. (Bacillus 

 delicatiilus Jordan, Report Mass. State Bd. 

 of Health, 1890, 837; Bergey et al., Manual, 

 1st ed., 1923, 137.) 



de.li.ca'tu.lus. L. adj. delicatus dainty, 

 delicate; M.L. dim. adj. delicatiilus some- 

 what delicate. 



Original descriptions supplemented by 

 Bergey {loc. cit.) from his private notes. 



Rods, 1.0 by 2.0 microns, occurring singly 

 (Jordan). Motile by means of peritrichous 

 flagella. Gram-negative (Bergey). 



Gelatin colonies: Whitish, homogeneous; 

 radiate margin. 



Gelatin stab: Infundibuliform liquefac- 

 tion. 



Agar slant: Whitish, glistening. 



Broth: Turbid; gray pellicle; sediment. 



Litmus milk: Acid. 



Potato: Thin, gray streak. 



Indole not produced (Bergey). 



Of 19 amino acids tested, none was re- 

 quired for growth; preformed growth factors 

 also were not required (Campbell and 

 Williams, Food Research, 16, 1951a, 506). 



Ammonium chloride and the 19 amino 

 acids which were tested may serve as 

 sources of nitrogen; the amino acids may 

 also be utilized as carbon sources (Campbell 

 and Williams, loc. cit.). 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Trimethylamine produced from tri- 

 methylamine oxide, choline and acetyl 



