304 



ORDER IV. EUBACTERIALES 



choline but not from betaine (Campbell and 

 Williams, Jour. Bact., 62, 1951b, 250). 



Inorganic sulfur may serve as a source 

 of sulfur (Campbell and Williams, op. cit., 

 1951a, 506). 



Aerobic, facultative. 



Optimum temperature, between 30° and 

 35° C. 



Source: Isolated from the effluent of a 

 septic tank (Jordan) . From water (Bergey) . 

 Steinhaus (personal communication, 1951) 

 has now shown that the culture which he 

 identified (No. 45, Jour. Bact., 4^, 1941, 771) 

 as belonging to this species belongs in the 

 paracolon group. 



Habitat: Presumably widely distributed 

 in nature. 



5. Achromobacter xerosis Groupd et al., 

 1954. (Groupe, Pugh, Levine and Herrmann, 

 Jour. Bact., 68, 1954, 10.) 



xe.ro'sis. Or. adj. xerus dry; M.L. adj. 

 xerosis dry. 



Pleomorphic rods measuring 0.5 by 2.0 

 to 3.0 microns in young cultures; in older 

 cultures the cells may be as much as 10 to 

 25 microns in length. Motile by means of 

 peritrichous flagella. Not encapsulated. 

 Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: Liquefaction. 



Agar colonies: White to grayish white, 

 1.0 to 1.5 mm in diameter, dry, membranous, 

 circular, low convex, adherent; tan, granu- 

 lar and radially wrinkled with a lobate edge 

 on prolonged incubation. 



Broth containing peptone and other 

 complex nitrogenous materials: Pellicle 

 formed. No acid from broth containing 

 glucose, galactose or maltose. 



Litmus milk: Alkaline; litmus reduced 

 after 7 days. 



Potato: Growth yellowish to brownish, 

 dry and wrinkled. 



Acid produced on inorganic nitrogen base 

 agar containing glucose, galactose or malt- 

 ose as the sole carbon source. Growth, but 

 no acid, on agar containing sucrose; no 

 growth on agar containing arabinose, 

 rhamnose, raffinose, xylose, lactose, salicin, 

 mannitol or sorbitol. 



Starch is hydrolyzed. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide production slight. 



Citrate utilized as the sole source of 

 carbon. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Aerobic. 



Good growth at 28° and 37° C. No growth 

 at 45° C. 



Produces xerosin, a metabolic substance 

 that has a modifying effect on certain viral 

 lesions in mice. 



Source: Isolated from soil. 



6. Achromobacter aquamarinus Zo- 



Bell and Upham, 1944. (Bull. Scripps Inst, 

 of Oceanography, Univ. of Calif., 5, 1944, 

 264.) 



a.qua.ma.ri'nus. L. noun aqua water; 

 L. adj. rnarinus of the sea; M.L. adj. agua- 

 marinus pertaining to sea water. 



Rods, 0.8 by 1.2 to 2.0 microns, with 

 rounded ends, occurring singly. Motile 

 by means of a few peritrichous flagella. 

 Gram-negative. 



All media except the fresh-water broth, 

 litmus milk and potato were prepared with 

 sea water. 



Gelatin colonies : 2 nam in diameter, con- 

 vex, circular, entire, whitish. 



Gelatin stab: Poor growth, no liquefac- 

 tion, no pigment. 



Agar colonies: 2 mm in diameter, convex, 

 smooth, circular. 



Agar slant: Moderate, beaded, glisten- 

 ing, butyrous growth with no pigment. 



Sea-water broth: Surface ring; moderate 

 turbidity; heavy, viscous sediment. 



Fresh-water broth: Poor growth. 



Litmus milk: No visible change. Casein 

 not digested. 



Potato: No visible growth. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Acid but no gas from glucose and maltose. 

 Lactose, sucrose, xylose, salicin, glycerol 

 and mannitol not utilized. 



Starch not hydrolyzed. 



Lipolytic. 



Of 19 amino acids tested, none was re- 

 quired for growth; preformed growth fac- 

 tors also were not required (Campbell and 

 Williams, Food Research, 16, 1951a, 506). 



Ammonium chloride and the 19 amino 

 acids which were tested may serve as 

 sources of nitrogen; the amino acids (except 



