326 



ORDER IV. EUBACTERIALES 



sline, 1933) Breed, comb. nov. {Achromobac- 

 ter pastinator Goresline, Jour. Bact., 26, 

 1933, 442.) 



pas.ti.na'tor. L. noun pastinator one who 

 digs or trenches the ground. 



Short rods, 0.4 by 1.5 microns, occurring 

 singly and in pairs. Motile by means of two 

 to five peritrichous flagella. Gram-negative. 



Plain gelatin stab: No growth. 



Nutrient gelatin stab: Surface growth 

 very scant. No liquefaction. 



Nutrient agar colonies: At first tiny, 

 almost colorless, becoming yellowish and 

 ring-like. Agar liquefied rapidly. 



Nutrient agar slant: Growth good, flat 

 not thick. Agar liquefied along streak often 

 to the depth of a quarter of an inch. Pocket 

 formed at bottom of slant filled with a rather 

 viscous, yellowish fluid. 



Nutrient broth: Slight turbidity after 5 

 days. Subsurface but no surface growth. 

 No sediment. 



Litmus milk: Slightly acid after 20 days. 

 No curd. Only a trace of reduction at bot- 

 tom of tube. 



Potato: No growth. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Acid from glucose, fructose, arabinose, 

 galactose, sucrose, maltose, lactose, man- 

 nose, melezitose, raffinose, rhamnose, sali- 

 cin, pectin, starch and dextrin. No growth 

 in dulcitol, erythritol, mannitol, sorbitol, 

 glycerol, xylose or inulin. 



Starch is hydrolyzed. 



Agar is digested. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, 28° C. 

 Good growth at 25° C. Moderate growth at 

 20° and at 37° C. No growth at 10° or at 

 42° C. 



Limits of growth: pH 5.9 to 9.0. 



Facultative anaerobe. 



Distinctive characters: Digests agar 

 rapidl}^; colonies sink through to the glass 

 of the Petri dish. Fehling's solution is re- 

 duced by the liquefied agar. There is con- 

 siderable change in the viscosity of the agar 

 due to the digestion. 



Source: Isolated from a trickling filter 

 receiving creamery wastes. 



Habitat: Probably widely distributed in 

 nature. 



7. Agarbacteriuiti uliginosuni (ZoBell 

 and Upham, 1944) Breed, comb. nov. {Flavo- 

 bacterium idiginosum ZoBell and Upham, 

 Bull. Scripps Inst, of Oceanography, Univ. 

 Calif., 5, 1944, 263.) 



u.li.gi.no'sum. L. adj. uliginosus wet, 

 damp. 



Rods, 0.4 to 0.6 by 1.2 to 3.9 microns, 

 some slightl}' curved, occurring mostly 

 singly with some short chains. Non-motile. 

 Gram-negative. 



All difi'erential media except the fresh- 

 water broth, litmus milk and potato were 

 prepared with sea water. 



Gelatin colonies: 1 mm in diameter, 

 orange, sunken. 



Gelatin stab: Infundibuliform liquefac- 

 tion. Yellow pigment. Gelatin discolored 

 brown. 



Agar colonies: Sunken, uneven, irregular, 

 gummy; agar is liquefied. Orange to yellow 

 pigment is produced, and agar is discolored 

 brown. 



Agar slant: Luxuriant, yellowish orange, 

 glistening, filiform, adherent growth; agar 

 slowly liquefied. 



Sea-water broth: Moderately turbid; 

 dense, j^ellow pellicle; slightly viscid sedi- 

 ment. 



Fresh-water broth: No visible growth. 



Litmus milk: Completely decolorized; 

 neutral. 



Potato: No visible growth. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Acid but no gas from xjdose, glucose, 

 maltose, lactose, sucrose and salicin. Glyc- 

 erol and mannitol not fermented. 



Starch not hydrolyzed. 



Agar rapidly liquefied. However, after 

 prolonged laboratory cultivation, this or- 

 ganism gradually loses its ability to digest 

 agar. 



Nitrites rapidly produced from nitrates. 



Ammonia produced from peptone but not 

 from urea. 



Casein digested. 



Non-lipolj'tic. 



Aerobic, obligate. 



Optimum temperature, between 20° and 

 25° C. 



Source: Isolated from marine bottom de- 

 posits. 



