346 



ORDER IV. EUBACTERIALES 



Aerobic, facultatively anaerobic. 



Optimum temperature, 37° C. 



Pathogenicitj^: Lethal for mice 3 to 4 

 days after subcutaneous inoculation; rats 

 and guinea pigs become sick; rabbits are 

 immune. 



Comment: Henriksen (Acta Path, et 

 Microbiol. Scand., 34, 1954, 249, 259, 266, 

 271, 276 and 291) believes this and the fol- 

 lowing species to be distinguishable from 

 Klebsiella pneumoniae because both K. 

 ozaenae and K. rhinoscleromatis give the 

 IMViC reactions found in the genus Esch- 

 erichia whereas K. pneumoniae possesses the 

 IMViC characters found in the genus 

 Aerobacter. 



Source: Isolated from cases of ozena. 



Habitat: Frequently occurs in ozena and 

 in non-stinking, pure atrophic rhinitis. 



3. Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis Tre- 



visan, 1887. (Rhinoscleromabacillus, von 

 Fritsch, Wien. med. Wochenschr., 32, 1882, 

 968; also see Cornil, Progres Medical, 11, 

 1883, 587; Trevisan, Rend. d. R. Istit. 

 Lombardo, Ser. 2, 20, 1887, 95.) 



rhi.no.scle.ro'ma.tis. M.L. adj. rhino- 

 scleromatis pertaining to rhinoscleroma. 



Original description supplemented by 

 material taken from Edwards and Ewing 

 (Identification of Enter obacteriaceae, Bur- 

 gess Pub. Co., Minneapolis, 1955, 166 and 

 167). 



Rods, with rounded ends, about 0.8 by 

 1.6 to 2.4 microns, occurring singly, in pairs. 



and occasionally in short chains. Encapsu- 

 lated. Non-motile. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Circular, jellowish 

 white, convex, entire. 



Gelatin stab: White, convex surface 

 growth. No liquefaction. 



Agar colonies: White, translucent, 

 smooth, glistening. 



Agar slant: Moist, white, translucent, 

 spreading growth. 



Broth: Turbid; tough pellicle. 



Litmus milk: Unchanged. 



Potato: Yellowish white, slimj-, fre- 

 quently showing gas production. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Gas not ordinarily produced from glucose ; 

 acid produced from lactose slowly if at all 

 (Lehmann and Neumann, Bakt. Diag., 4 

 Aufl., 2, 1907, 299). Acid from sucrose, 

 salicin, inositol and adonitol. Acid may or 

 may not be produced from dulcitol. d-Tar- 

 trate and mucate not fermented. 



Acetylmethylcarbinol not produced. 



Methyl red test positive. 



Citrate not utilized as sole source of car- 

 bon. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Urea not decomposed. 



Aerobic, facultativelj" anaerobic. 



Optimum temperature, 37° C. 



Comment: See comment under Klebsiella 

 ozaenae. 



Source: Isolated from nasal secretions in 

 rhinoscleroma. 



Genus IV. Paracolobactrum Borman et al., 1944-* 



(Paracolibacille, Widal and Nobecourt, Semaine M^d., 17, 1897, 285; Borman, Stuart 

 and Wheeler, Jour. Bact., 48, 1944, 361.) 



Pa.ra.co.lo.bac'trum. Gr. prep, para (in composition) alongside of, like; M.L. noun 

 Colobactrum a genus of bacteria; M.L. neut.n. Paracolobactrum that which resembles Colo- 

 bactrum. 



Short rods. Gram-negative. Fermentation of lactose is consistently delaj'ed; occasionally 

 lactose is not fermented. Glucose is fermented with the production of visible gas. Certain 

 forms attack carbohydrates characteristically at 20° to 30° C. but not at 37° C; the produc- 

 tion of acet3dmethylcarbinol may likewise be influenced by incubation temperature. Anti- 

 genic relationships to other genera in the family are common, even with respect to major 

 antigens. Found in surface water, soil, grains and the intestinal tracts of animals, including 

 man. 



* Prepared by Dr. E. K. Borman, Director, Bureau of Laboratories, State Department of 

 Health, Hartford, Connecticut, October, 1955. 



