370 



ORDER IV. EUBACTERIALES 



1. No acid or gas from arabinose. 



1. Salmonella choleraesuis . 



2. Acid and gas from arabinose. 



2. Salmonella typhimurium. 

 B. Occurs singly, in pairs and occasionally in short chains. 



3. Salmonella enteritidis. 

 II. Affect either man or other animals. 



A. Exclusively or predominantly affect man. 



1. Acid but no gas from glucose. 



4. Salmonella typhosa. 



2. Acid and gas from glucose. 



a. Occur singly but not in pairs, 

 b. Acid and gas from xylose. 



5. Salmonella hirschfeldii. 

 bb. No acid or gas from x5-lose. 



6. Salmonella paratyphi. 

 aa. Occurs singly and in pairs. 



7. Salmonella schottmuelleri . 



B. Most commonly affect animals other than man. 



1. Acid and gas from glucose. 



a. Causes abortion in mares and other animals but not in sheep. 



8. Salmonella ahortivoequina. 

 aa. Causes abortion in sheep but not in other animals. 



9. Salmonella abortusovis. 



2. Acid but no gas from glucose. 



10. Salmonella gallinarum. 



1. Salmonella choleraesuis (Smith, 

 1894) Weldin, 1927. (Probably not the Bacil- 

 lus of swine plague, Klein, Report of the 

 Medical Officer of the Local Gov. Bd., Eng- 

 land, 1877-78, Supplement, 168; Bacterium 

 of swine plague, Salmon, U. S. Dept. Agr. 

 Bur. Anim. Ind. Ann. Rept., 1885, 212; 

 Bacterium of hog cholera, Salmon, ihid., 

 1886, 20; Bakterium der Schweinepest, Se- 

 lander, Cent. f. Bakt., 3, 1888, 361; Pasteu- 

 rella salmoni Trevisan, I generi e le specie 

 delle Batteriacee, 1889, 21 ; Bacterium chol- 

 erae suis Th. Smith, U. S. Dept. Agr. Bur. 

 Anim. Ind., Bull. 6, 1894, 9; Weldin, Iowa 

 Sta. Coll. Jour. Sci., 1, 1927, 155.) 



cho.le.rae.su'is. Gr. noun cholera chol- 

 era; L. noun sus swine, hog; M.L. gen. noun 

 sins of a hog; M.L. gen. noun choleraesuis 

 of hog cholera. 



Rods, 0.6 to 0.7 by 2.0 to 3.0 microns, oc- 

 curring singly. Motile by means of four to 

 five peritrichous flagella. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Grayish, smooth, flat, 

 glistening, irregular. 



Gelatin stab. Flat, grayish, surface 

 growth. No liquefaction. 



Agar colonies: Grayish, moist, smooth, 

 translucent. 



Agar slant : Grayish, moist, smooth, trans- 

 lucent growth. 



Broth: Turbid; thin pellicle; grayish 

 white sediment. 



Litmus milk: Slightly acid, becoming 

 alkaline, opalescent, translucent to yel- 

 lowish gray. 



Potato: Grayish white streak becoming 

 brownish. 



Indole not produced. 



Hj'drogen sulfide production is variable. 



Acid and gas from glucose, mannitol, 

 maltose, sorbitol and xj'lose. Action on dul- 

 citol, rhamnose and d-tartrate is variable. 

 1-Tratrate, dl-tartrate and mucate may 

 or may not show late fermentation. No 

 action on lactose, sucrose, salicin, adonitol, 

 arabinose, inositol or trehalose. 



Sodium citrate is utilized. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Trimethylamine produced fromtrimethyl- 

 amine oxide (Wood and Baird, Jour. Fish. 

 Res. Board Canada, 6, 1943, 198). 



Aerobic, facultatively anaerobic. 



