FAMILY IV. ENTEROBACTERIACEAE 



371 



Optimum temperature, 37° C. 



Antigenic structure: 6, 7: c: 1, 5. 



Pathogenicity: Lethal for mice and rab- 

 bits on subcutaneous inoculation. 



Comment: Schiitze et al. (Jour, of Hyg., 

 1934, 341) have given a special name to the 

 hydrogen sulfide-producing variety of this 

 species. 



Habitat: The natural host is the pig, 

 where it is an important secondary invader 

 in the virus disease hog cholera. Does not 

 occur as a natural pathogen in other ani- 

 mals. Occasionally gives rise to acute gas- 

 troenteritis and enteric fever in man. 



2. Salmonella typhimuriuni (Loeffler, 

 1892) Castellani and Chalmers, 1919. {Bacil- 

 lus typhi murium Loeffler, Cent. f. Bakt., 11, 

 1892, 192; Castellani and Chalmers, Man. 

 Trop. Med., 3rd ed., 1919, 939.) 



ty.phi.mu'ri.um. Gr. noun typhus a 

 stupor, here used in the sense of typhoid; 

 L. noun mus the mouse; L. gen. noun m^irium 

 of mice; M.L. gen. noun typhimuriuni of 

 typhoid of mice. 



See Edwards and Bruner (Kentucky Agr. 

 Exp. Sta. Bull. 400, 1940, 43) for a discus- 

 sion of this species. 



Rods, 0.5 by 1.0 to 1.5 microns, occurring 

 singly. Motile by means of peritrichous 

 flagella. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Small, circular, grajdsh, 

 granular, becoming j^ellowish brown. 



Gelatin stab: Flat surface growth. No 

 liquefaction. 



Agar colonies: Small, circular, grayish, 

 entire to undulate. 



Agar slant: Filiform, grayish, moist, en- 

 tire growth. 



Broth: Turbid. 



Litmus milk: Slightly acid, becoming 

 alkaline. 



Potato: Grayish white streak. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide is produced. 



Acid and gas from glucose, mannitol, 

 maltose, sorbitol and arabinose. Mucate 

 and l-tartrate are attacked. Action on dulci- 

 tol, inositol, rhamnose, trehalose, xj^lose, 

 d-tartrate and dl-tartrate is variable. No 

 action on lactose, sucrose, salicin or adoni- 

 tol. 



Sodium citrate may or may not be uti- 

 lized. 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Trimethylamine produced fromtrimethyl- 

 amine oxide (Wood and Baird, Jour. Fish. 

 Res. Board Canada, 6, 1943, 198). 



Aerobic, facultatively anaerobic. 



Optimum temperature, 37° C. 



Antigenic structure: 1, 4, 5, 12: i: 1, 2. 



Comment: A variety of this organism 

 which lacks antigen 5 has been reported by 

 Kauffmann (Ztschr. f. Hyg., 116, 1934, 368). 



Source: Isolated during a mouse tj^phoid 

 epidemic in the Hygienic Institute of Greifs- 

 wald, Germany. 



Habitat: Causes food poisoning in man. 

 A natural pathogen for all warm-blooded 

 animals. This type occurs more frequently 

 than any other type not confined to a spe- 

 cific host. Also found in snakes by Hinshaw 

 and McNeil (Amer. Jour. Vet. Res., 6, 1945, 

 264). 



3. Salmonella enteritidis (Gaertner, 

 1888) Castellani and Chalmers, 1919. (Ba- 

 cillus enteritidis Gaertner, Correspond, d. 

 Allgemein. Artzl. Verein Thuringen, 17, 

 1888, 573; Castellani and Chalmers, Man. 

 Trop. Med., 3rd ed., 1919, 930.) 



en.te.ri'ti.dis. Gr. noun enterum gut, 

 intestine; M.L. noun enteritis a disease of 

 the intestines, enteritis; M.L. gen. noun 

 enteritidis of enteritis. 



Rods, 0.6 to 0.7 by 2.0 to 3.0 microns, oc- 

 curring singly, in pairs and occasionally in 

 short chains. Motile by means of peri- 

 trichous flagella. Gram-negative. 



Gelatin colonies: Circular, gray, trans- 

 lucent, granular, entire. 



Gelatin stab: Abundant surface growth. 

 No liquefaction. 



Agar colonies: Circular, gray, translu- 

 cent, moist, smooth, entire. Deskowitz and 

 Buchbinder (Jour. Bact., 29, 1935, 294) 

 describe a variant that produces a soluble 

 yellow pigment where certain peptone is 

 present in the agar. Antigenic structure not 

 determined. 



Agar slant: Grayish white, opalescent, 

 smooth, moist, undulate growth. 



Broth: Turbid; thin pellicle; grayish 

 white sediment. 



Litmus milk: Slightly acid, becoming 



