412 



ORDER IV. EUBACTERIALES 



generic name of ferret; M.L. gen. pi. noun 

 putoriorvm of ferrets. 



Coccoid to bacillary rods with a strong 

 pleomorphic tendency. Non-motile. Show 

 liipolar staining. Gram-negative. 



Growth requirement for V and X un- 

 known. Growth reliable only on media con- 

 taining blood. On ordinary media growth 

 occurs only in the vicinity of other bacteria. 

 Less hemoglobinophilic than is Haemophilus 

 influenzae. 



Levinthal agar colonies: Young colonies 

 are small with elevated centers and trans- 

 parent peripheries; older colonies are flat 

 with bluish, glassy appearance in trans- 

 mitted light and bluish gray with whitish 

 luster in reflected light. 



Agar slant: Poor, thin growth when sub- 

 cultured from Levinthal agar. 



Broth: Lightly turbid; fine granules. 



Odor like that of Haemophilus influenzae. 



Non-pathogenic for laboratory animals 

 when inoculated in pure culture. Intra- 

 cutaneous inoculation produces a marked 

 hemorrhagic lesion. 



Serologically, different strains are re- 

 lated but not homogeneous. Distinct from 

 Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus 

 suis. 



Source: Isolated from the respiratory 

 tracts of ferrets. 



Habitat: Found in the respiratory tracts 

 of ferrets. 



12. Haemophilus ducreyi (Neveu-Le- 

 maire, 1921) Bergey et al., 1923. (Ducrey, 

 Riforma Med., 5, 1889, 98; also see Cong, 

 internat. de dermatol. et syph., Compt. 

 rend., Paris, 1890, 229; Monatsh. f. prakt. 

 Dermatol., 9, 1889, 387; and ibid, 21, 1895, 

 57, abstract in Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., 18, 

 1895, 290; Streptobacillus of soft chancre, 

 Unna, Monatsh. f. prakt. Dermatol., H, 

 1892, 485; also see ibid, 21, 1895, Ql; Bacillus 

 idceris cancrosi Kruse, in Fliigge, Die 

 Mikroorganismen, 3 Aufi., 2, 1896, 456; 

 Coccobacillus ducreyi Neveu-Lemaire, Precis 

 Parasitol. Hum., 5th ed., 1921, 20; Bergey 

 et al.. Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 271.) 



du.crey'i. M.L. gen. noun ducreyi of 

 Ducrey; named for A. Ducrey, the bac- 

 teriologist who first isolated this organism. 



Small rods, 0.5 by 1.5 to 2.0 microns, with 



rounded ends, occurring singly and in short 

 chains. Non-motile. Gram-negative. 



Requires the X factor (Lwoff, Ann. Inst. 

 Past., 62, 1939, 168) and other enrichment 

 for growth. 



Gelatin colonies: No growth. 



Gelatin stab: No growth. 



Blood agar colonies: Small, grayish, glis- 

 tening. Slight zone of hemolysis around the 

 colony in three or four days (Teague and 

 Deibert, Jour. Med. Research, 43, 1922, 

 61). 



Best growth is obtained on clotted rabbit, 

 sheep or human blood heated to 55° C. for 

 15 minutes and in casein digest agar con- 

 taining blood (Teague and Deibert, Jour. 

 Urology, 4, 1920, 543). 



Aerobic, facultatively anaerobic. 



Optimum temperature, 37° C. 



Habitat: The cause of soft chancre 

 (chancroid) . 



13. Haemophilus haemoglobinophilus 



(Lehmann and Neumann, 1907) Murray, 

 1939. (Bacillus haemoglobinophilus canis 

 Friedberger, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 

 33, 1903, 401; Bacterium haemoglobinophilus 

 Lehmann and Neumann, Bakt. Diag., 4 

 Aufl., 2, 1907, 270; Murray, in Manual, 

 5th ed., 1939, 309.) 



hae. mo. glo.bi.no 'phi. lus. Gr. noun 

 haema blood; L. noun globus a sphere; M.L. 

 noun haemoglobinum hemoglobin; Gr. adj. 

 philus loving; M.L. adj. haemoglobinophilus 

 hemoglobin-loving. 



Small rods, 0.2 to 0.3 by 0.5 to 2.0 microns, 

 occurring singly, in pairs and in short 

 chains. Non-motile. Gram-negative. 



Requires the X factor for growth. 



Blood agar colonies: Small, clear, trans- 

 parent, entire. Old colonies become opaque. 



Blood broth: Turbid. 



Blood milk mixture: Doubtful develop- 

 ment. 



Indole is produced. 



Acid but no gas from glucose, fructose, 

 galactose, mannitol, sucrose and xylose. 

 No acid from maltose, lactose, dextrin, 

 arabinose or glycerol (Rivers, Jour. Bact., 

 7, 1922, 579). 



Nitrites produced from nitrates. 



Aerobic, facultatively anaerobic. 



Optimum temperature, 37° C. 



