434 



ORDER IV. EUBACTERIALES 



Source: Isolated from the intestines of 

 man. 



Habitat: Found in the intestinal tract of 



24. Bacteroides succinogenes Hungate, 

 1950. (Bact. Revs., U, 1950, 1.) 



suc.ci.no'ge.nes. L. noun succinum am- 

 ber; M.L. noun acidum succinicum succinic 

 acid (derived from amber) ; Gr. v. gennaio 

 to produce; M.L. adj. succinogenes succinic 

 acid-producing. 



Original description supplemented by 

 material from Bryant and Doetsch (Jour. 

 DairySci.,37, 1954, 1176). 



Rods, 0.3 to 0.4 by 1.0 and 2.0 microns 

 when grown on cellulose agar, often appear- 

 ing slightly curved and with pointed ends. 

 Occur singly and in pairs. In old cultures 

 the rods are replaced by spherical and ellip- 

 soidal forms of variable size. In media con- 

 taining either glucose or cellobiose, the rods 

 are larger, usually quite pleomorphic and 

 occasionally show rosette arrangements of 

 cells. Non-motile. Show bipolar staining. 

 Gram-negative. 



Gelatin: No liquefaction. 



Cellulose agar colonies: Definite clear 

 zone of cellulose digestion with no micro- 

 scopically visible colony, but rods may be 

 observed microscopically at the periphery 

 of the area cleared of cellulose. 



Rumen fluid-glucose-cellobiose agar col- 

 onies: Deep colonies are lenticular, 1 to 3 

 mm in diameter; surface colonies are entire, 

 slightly convex, translucent to opaque, 

 often with "frosted glass" appearance. 

 Non-pigmented or, occasionally, yellow. 



Liquid rumen fluid-glucose-cellobiose me- 

 dium: Evenly turbid growth which rapidly 

 clears with age. 



Indole not produced. 



Hydrogen sulfide not produced. 



Acid from glucose, cellobiose, cellulose 

 and pectin. Acid may or may not be pro- 

 duced from maltose, lactose, trehalose and 

 dextrin. No acid from xylose, arabinose, 

 galactose, fructose, sucrose, mannitol, 

 glycerol, inositol, inulin, salicin, gum arable 

 or xylan. 



Starch may or may not be hydrolyzed. 



Esculin not hydrolyzed. 



Acetylmethylcarbinol not produced. 



Produces mainly succinic and acetic acids 

 and shows a net carbon dioxide uptake in 

 cellulose or cellobiose fermentations. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Casein is digested. 



Anaerobic. 



Temperature relations: Optimum, about 

 40° C. No growth at 22° or 45° C. 



Final pH in liquid rumen fluid -glucose 

 medium, about 5.5. 



Distinctive characters: Ferments cellu- 

 lose very rapidly. Certain volatile fatty 

 acids present in rumen fluid are required 

 for growth (Bryant and Doetsch, Sci., 120, 

 1954, 944; Jour. Dairy Sci., 38, 1955, 340). 



Source: Isolated from bovine rumen con- 

 tents. 



Habitat: Probably the reticulo-rumen of 

 ruminants. 



25. Bacteroides glutinosus (Guillemot 

 and Halle, 1904) Hauduroy et al., 1937. 

 (Bacillus glutinosus Guillemot and Hall6, 

 Arch. M6d. Exp. et Anat. Path., 16, 1904, 

 599; Hauduroy et al.. Diet. d. Bact. Path., 

 1937, 61; Ristella glutinosa Pr^vot, Ann. 

 Inst. Past., 60, 1938, 292.) 



glu.ti.no'sus. L. adj. glutinosus glutinous. 



Long rods, 0.8 by 6.0 to 8.0 microns, fila- 

 mentous forms attaining a length of 32.0 

 microns. Occur singly or in entangled 

 clumps in pus, mostly in clumps and rarely 

 singly in cultures. Not encapsulated. Non- 

 motile. Gram-negative. 



Gas not produced. 



Agar stab: Growth slow; colonies lenticu- 

 lar, whitish, very cohesive. 



Anaerobic. 



Optimum temperature, 37° C; killed at 

 55° C. 



Pathogenicity: Pleural pus containing 

 this organism did not prove fatal to guinea 

 pigs and rabbits when inoculated into the 

 pleura. 



Distinctive characters: Feeble growth; 

 very cohesive colonies. 



Source: Isolated from cases of purulent 

 pleurisies. 



Habitat : Found in respiratory apparatus, 

 especially the pleura; not common. 



26. Bacteroides destillationis (Wein- 

 berg et al., 1937) Kelly, comh. nov. (Anaero- 



