502 



ORDER IV. EUBACTERIALES 



non-motile, non-gelatin-liquefying species 

 which possesses the characteristic diph- 

 theroid morphology and which does not 

 ferment sugars and related compounds; 

 furthermore, it is less actively lipolytic 

 than is the species described by Huss (op. 

 cit., 1908, 474). Huss' organism appears to 

 occur less frequently than that described 

 by Evans. 



Source: Isolated from the udder of a cow 

 giving abnormal milk. 



Habitat: Found in milk and in dair}^ 

 products. 



21. Brevibacterium acetylicum (Le- 

 vine and Soppeland, 1926) Breed, comb. nov. 

 (Flavobacterium acetylicxim Levine and Sop- 

 peland, Bull. 77, Engineering Exp. Sta., 

 Iowa State Agr. College, 1926, 46.) 



a.ce.ty'li.cum. L. neut.n. acetum vine- 

 gar; M.L. neut.n. acetylum the organic 

 radical acetyl; M.L. adj. acetylicus pertain- 

 ing to acetyl. 



Rods, 0.9 by 1.1. microns, with rounded 

 ends, occurring singly and in pairs. Motile 

 (Levine and Soppeland). Peritrichous as 

 determined by O. B. Weeks, January, 1955, 

 from A.T.C.C. cultures 953 and 954. Gram- 

 positive. 



Gelatin stab: Stratiform liquefaction. 



Agar colonies: Irregular in form, yellow, 

 smooth, flat, amorphous, entire. 



Agar slant: Growth abundant, echinulate, 

 flat, peach-yellow, smooth, butyrous. 



Broth: Ring growth on surface. Turbid 

 with a scant sediment. 



Litmus milk: Slight acidity with a granu- 

 lar curd; peptonized; litmus reduced. 



Potato: Moderate, orange growth. 



Indole not produced. 



Acid from glucose. 



Starch is hydrolyzed. 



Acetylmethylcarbinol is produced. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Blood serum: Liquefaction. 



Aerobic, facultatively anaerobic. 



Optimum temperature, 22° C. 



Source: Isolated from skimmed milk. 



Habitat: Unknown. 



22. Brevibacterium sulfureum (Bergey 

 et al., 1923) Breed, comb. nov. {Bactermm 

 punctans suljureuvi Zettnow, Cent. f. Bakt., 



I Abt., Orig., 77, 1916, 222; Flavobacterium 

 sulfureum Bergey et al., Manual, 1st ed., 

 1923, 103.) 



sul.fu're.um. L. adj. sulfureus of sulfur, 

 from sulfur-colored growth. 



Rods, 0.5 to 0.7 by 0.7 to 1.5 microns. 

 Motile by means of peritrichous flagella. 

 Gram-positive. 



Gelatin colonies: Very small, barely 

 visible, becoming brownish yellow, granu- 

 lar. 



Gelatin stab: Spreading growth on the 

 surface only ; later, crateriform liquefaction. 



Agar slant: Sulfur-yellow growth. 



Broth: Turbid. 



Litmus milk: Alkaline; peptonized; yel- 

 low. 



Potato: Sulfur-yellow streak. 



Indole not produced. 



No acid from glucose. 



Nitrites not produced from nitrates. 



Blood serum: Sulfur-yellow growth. Par- 

 tial liquefaction. 



Aerobic, facultatively anaerobic. 



Optimum temperature, 25° C. 



Source: Isolated from air. 



Habitat : Unknown. 



23. Brevibacterium helvolum (Zimmer- 

 mann, 1890) Lochhead, 1955. {Bacillus hel- 

 volus Zimmermann, Die Bakt. unserer 

 Trink- und Nutzwasser, Chemnitz, 1, 1890, 

 52; Bacterium helvolum Lehmann and Neu- 

 mann, Bakt. Diag., 1 Aufl., 3, 1896, 254; 

 Corynebacterium helvolum Kisskalt and 

 Berend, Cent. f. Bakt., I Abt., Orig., 81, 

 1918, 446; not Corynebacterium helvolum 

 Jensen, Proc. Linn. Soc. New So. Wales, 59, 

 1934, 37; Flavobacterium helvolum Bergey et 

 al., Manual, 1st ed., 1923, 114; Lochhead, 

 Internat. Bull, of Bact. Nomen. andTa.xon., 

 5, 1955, 115.) 



hel'vo.lum. L. adj. helvolus pale yellow. 



Description given below is taken directly 

 from the original description by Zimmer- 

 mann {op. cit., 1890, 52) except as indicated. 

 Lehmann and Neumann add certain charac- 

 ters to the original description from a study 

 of a culture from air that agreed with Zim- 

 mermann 's culture. The description in 

 Migula (Syst. d. Bakt., 2, 1900, 324) is ac- 

 curately paraphrased from Zimmermann 's 

 original description. 



