514 



ORDER IV. EUBACTERIALES 



soluble hemolysin produced is distinct from 

 streptolysins O and S. 



Not fibrinolytic. 



Temperature relations: No growth at 10° 

 or 45° C. Does not survive 60° C. for 30 

 minutes. 



Tolerance tests: Same as for Streptococcus 

 pyogenes. 



Litmus milk: Acid, usually does not 

 curdle. Does not reduce litmus before 

 curdling. 



Final pH in glucose broth, between 4.6 

 and 5.0. 



Acid from glucose, lactose, sucrose, sor- 

 bitol and salicin. May ferment maltose. No 

 acid from the pentoses, trehalose, rafiinose, 

 inulin, glycerol or mannitol. 



Starch usually hydrolyzed. Sodium hip- 

 purate not hydrolyzed. Gelatin not lique- 

 fied; esculin split. 



Ammonia produced from arginine. 



Distinctive characters: This species may 

 be distinguished from closely allied species 

 by its ability to ferment sorbitol but not 

 trehalose and by its inability to lyse human 

 fibrin. 



Source: Blood stream, inflammatory exu- 

 dates and lesions of diseased animals. Not 

 known from man. 



Habitat: Disease process of domestic and 

 laboratory animals. (Horse: endometritis, 

 fetus. Hog: Septicemia. Cow: septicemia, 

 metritis, fetus. Fowls: slipped tendon. 

 Guinea pig: lymphadenitis. Rabbit: sep- 

 ticemia. Fox: pneumonia.) 



4. Streptococcus equi Sand and Jensen, 

 1888. {Bacillus adenitis equi Baruchello, 

 Soc. veter. de Venetie, Undine, 1886; also 

 see Baruchello, Giornale di anatomia, 

 fisiologica et patologia degli animali domes- 

 tici, Pisa, Sept., 1887; Sand and Jensen, 

 Deutsche Ztschr. f. Tiermed., IS, 1888, 436, 

 dated December 27, 1887, Veterinary Con- 

 gress, Copenhagen, 1887.) 



e'qui. L. noun equus horse; L. gen. noun. 

 equi of a horse. 



Ovoid or spherical cells 0.6 to 1 micron 

 in diameter; sometimes in pus the long axes 

 of the cells are transverse to the long axis 

 of the chain and at other times parallel with 

 the long axis of the chain, in the latter case 

 resembling streptobacilli; bacillary forms 



are not rare; occur in pairs, short or long 

 chains; very long chains common in broth 

 cultures. Capsules often pronounced in 

 blood of infected mice and when grown in 

 serum. Gram-positive. 



Generally poor growth in broth culture; 

 growth increased by serum. 



Serology: Belongs to Lancefield's group 

 C. Cultures are generally poor antigens for 

 production of agglutinating serum. 



Action on blood: Beta hemolytic. The 

 blood agar colonies are small and watery 

 and dry out rapidly leaving flat, glistening 

 colonies. 



Growth in serum broth yields a soluble 

 hemolysin that is distinct from streptolysins 

 O and S. 



Not fibrinolytic. 



Temperature relations: Optimum tem- 

 perature, 37° C. Growth slow at 20° C. No 

 growth at 10° or 45° C. Does not survive 60° 

 C. for 30 minutes. 



Tolerance tests : Fails to grow in presence 

 of 6.5 per cent NaCl or in skim milk con- 

 taining 0.1 per cent methylene blue. No 

 growth in media adjusted to pH 9.6 or on 

 blood agar containing 40 per cent bile. 



Litmus milk: No change. 



Final pH in glucose broth, between 4.8 

 and 5.5. 



Acid from glucose, maltose, sucrose and 

 salicin. No acid from arabinose, lactose, 

 trehalose, rafiinose, inulin, glycerol, man- 

 nitol or sorbitol. 



Sodium hippurate not hydrolyzed. Gela- 

 tin not liquefied; esculin not split. 



Ammonia produced from arginine. 



High virulence for mice, but low or no 

 virulence for rabbits and guinea pigs. 



Distinctive characters: This species is 

 distinctive by its inability to ferment tre- 

 halose, sorbitol, glycerol or lactose. 



Source: Pus from lesions and mucous 

 membrane of upper respiratory tract of 

 horses. 



Habitat: Found only in strangles in 

 horses. 



5. Streptococcus dysgalactiae Diern- 

 hofer, 1932. (Diernhofer, Milchw. Forsch., 

 13, 1932, 368; Group II, Minett, Proc. 12th 

 Internat. Vet. Cong., 2, 1934, 511; Strep- 

 tococcus pseudoagalactiae Plastridge and 



